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海外英语(上)

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《海外英语》杂志创办与2000年，隶属于安徽出版集团/安徽科学出版社。该刊是一本综合性的外语类期刊，内容涉及语言学、外语教育、翻译学、文学文化研究、科学技术等诸多方面。
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海外英语(上) >2022年第2期

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  • 摘要：《烧马棚》是美国著名作家威廉·福克纳的一部广为人知的短篇小说。故事发生在美国内战后，通过敏感男孩萨蒂的第三人称视角，向读者展示了阶级冲突，种族冲突，道德冲突以及他父亲的复仇。众多的评论家历来青睐小说中的矛盾冲突，而很少重视小说中的女性形象。尽管福克纳对小说中女性人物尤其萨蒂的阿姨和姐姐的描写上着笔甚少，但是她们在故事中的重要性故却是不可忽视的。该文将主要分析小说中女性人物的屈从性，以帮助读者更好解读小说，同时也向读者能展示当时美国南部人民真实的生活状况，尤其是帮助读者了解当时妇女的真实生活状况以及她们的社会地位。
  • 摘要：Besides providing true and supportive information, self-enrichment speech in correspondence of foreign trade can sometimes be described as giving false and unsupportive information. From a viewpoint of underlying pragmatic motivation, self-enrichment committed by addressor helps to justify itself with the purpose of reinforcing the economic goals and status of the ad-dressor without damaging the relationship with the addressee.%函电中的自我言语充实可分成实型自我充实和虚型自我充实两个类型。实型自我充实补充真实相关的信息，虚型自我充实补充非真实的信息。语用学原理和商业利益驱使可以帮助找出两种充实的语用理据。
  • 摘要：作为对日常话语文本分析的较为系统全面的著作，Glenn F. Stillar在1998年出版的《日常话语文本分析》一书给我们分析社会话语语篇提供了新的视角，书中主要论述归纳了三种分析方法，那即批评语言学理论、会话分析理论和社会语言学理论。除此之外，还有其他方法，诸如交际学、语用学、系统功能语言学等等，使之共同服务语篇分析。当中，包含诸多与我们的生活息息相关的例子，为读者根据自身兴趣和专长有选择性地研读提供了便利。
  • 摘要：As to the current English teaching of vocational colleges, various kinds of problems exist, for example, students are neg-ative. In order to know more about the English teaching reading, this paper first made a questionnaire of students expectation about English reading teaching activities. Based on the result, an experimental teaching lasted one semester. Comparison between scores of the pre-test (before experimental teaching) and the post-test (after experimental teaching) shows that students reading ability in class who had been taught with the application of schema theory improved higher than those in controlled class with tra-ditional teaching methods.%高职英语教学目前存在诸多问题，学生在教学中常处于被动。为了进一步了解高职学生英语阅读课的现状，论文对学生做了对英语阅读课教学活动的期望的问卷。根据结果进行实验教学、前后测试成绩比较，结果显示出用图示理论指导的英语阅读教学实验班阅读水平有明显高于使用传统方式教学的控制班。
  • 摘要：In the study of metaphor, as a branch of the general cognitive science, cognitive linguistics has been walking forward at all times. In recent years, attention has gradually been paid on the metaphor study in the Chinese academic circles, and some do-mestic scholars have carried out research one after another, mainly through some daily expression, poetry, prose or novel to ana-lyze and demonstrate the similarities and differences of love metaphors in Chinese and western culture. The new exploration of the role of metaphor in poetry and the cognitive mechanism was included, and it gained some achievements. The innovation of this paper is that it breaks the confinition to everyday expression, literature, combing with classic and modern songs in English and Chinese, to compare the love metaphor in English and Chinese songs.
  • 摘要：指示语（deixis）是语用学的一个重要内容。在言语交际活动中，人称指示语内隐含着诸多文化特性，人称指示语隐喻形式机制是通过将交际双方的心理距离拉大或缩小来实现的。英语三种人称指示语的语用范畴不同，其隐含的文化特性也各有差异，研究人称指示语的文化隐喻有助于掌握其语用原则以及更好的进行跨文化交际。
  • 摘要：This paper describes the differences between the Chinese and American higher education system, and different issues behind these differences along with history and contemporary complexities, and analyzes the reason of its emergence, then how to solve these issues. I studied at Iowa Wesleyan College in America for two and a half years. In order to further understand American higher education system, I interviewed a librarian of Iowa Wesleyan College named Sherril Gibbs. And I have used a lot of data of the department of education USA government from Wikipedia and other sources in my paper. Then this paper finds that Chinese and American higher education system has their own strengths and weaknesses. Both the systems have a need to learn from each other to execute a better education system and to ensure development of all students as per their interest and abilities.
  • 摘要：Firewood which was located in Qingdao, Zhongshan Road commercial circle, is the oldest business circle and food pal-ace, and it is also the oldest civilian entertainment palace. After a century of firewood has become the iconic symbol of Qingdao.
  • 摘要：该文就毕业论文部署，撰写过程监管和成绩评定对某高校2006、2007界毕业生和论文指导教师进行问卷调查和访谈，针对目前影响毕业论文真实产出的原因，探究英语本科毕业论文质量监管体系。
  • 摘要：Traditional ways of English learning such as memorizing a certain couple of words and reciting from the word list seem much easier than developing a useful vocabulary for L2 learners. However, learners complain that they have suffered from couples of difficulties as the words are easy to be forgotten. Compare with the ways of mechanical memorizing, it argues that pro⁃viding L2 learners with the development of useful lexical knowledge such as semantic information and morphological structure is more effective in the process of language acquisition. Moreover, developing a useful lexical knowledge is far more complicated for English learners.
  • 摘要：隐喻理论作为语言学理论的重要组成部分，一直以来都颇受英语翻译学者的重视，隐喻理论是特定文化思维在语言规则中的寄寓方式，它的形成与人类生存的文化背景和语言表达方式有很大的关系，对隐喻理论适用原则的准确把握是提高英语翻译精准度的有效保障，清楚认识隐喻理论的应用作用对英语翻译教学的顺利开展具有促进作用。该文我们就对隐喻理论的渊源、隐喻理论与英语翻译的关系、应用隐喻理论的重要性、隐喻理论的应用原则及其在英语翻译教学中的实际应用展开分析。
  • 摘要：In the second language acquisition, the study focus of linguistics is the influence of age factors which has always been considered as one of the most controversial issues. Some experts hold that the younger the better and would get good compe⁃tence to learn language well, meanwhile others believe that adult have more strong motivation and competence.Based on the Brain Plasticity Theory and the Critical Period Hypothesis, and the intention of this thesis is to reveal such a hypothesis that the younger the learner who starts to learn a second language, the greater performance that he will achieve like a native does, through the comparative research between children and adults. The subjects are 100 Chinese learners who begin learning at different levels and ages. According to the results of integrated scores and a collection of the data in the questionnaire, an analysis show that the results acquired would be consistent with the hypothesis.The intention of this research is not only to argue which is better, earlier or later, but also an trial, through investigation and study, to provide some insights and suggestion to the existent issues, especially the children second language education and college English study in China.
  • 摘要：《国际贸易实务》是高等学校商务英语专业的实践性强的学科，传统的讲授型教学难以实现培养学生的实践操作能力的教学目标。开放式教学以学生为主角，能有效克服传统教学模式的缺陷，突出学生的学习者主体地位，讲究学生主动学习能力，培养其独立完成任务及团队协作能力。该文以建构主义为理论基础，从课程教学内容、教学方法及课程考核与评价等方面，对《国际贸易实务》的教学进行实践性探索，旨在提高该门课程的教学效果。
  • 摘要：The issue of improving the efficiency of college English teaching and learning has long puzzled our educators and Eng⁃lish teachers. There are many ways to help the solving of the problem, but in China, where English is mainly taught in classroom, the teacher is a very important factor to influence the result of English teaching. In order to solve the problem, the teacher must know exactly what roles he should play in the process of teaching and make some changes in his old teaching methods.
  • 摘要：在翻译美学理论指导下的翻译教学课堂模式中，教师可以引导学生把英语作为客观审美对象，从语言“美”的角度让学生感受英语的魅力，从而有助于作为审美主体的学生的翻译能力和英语综合能力提高。以翻译美学理论为基础的大学英语翻译教学实证研究，结果表明：翻译美学模式下的大学英语教学课堂有助于学生翻译能力的提高，但是这种模式下的课堂还是需要在教学改革中不断地完善和提高。
  • 摘要：This thesis investigates vocational college English teachers’perceptions and attitudes toward CLT,revealed the obsta⁃cles and difficulties teachers encountered in the application of CLT in vocational English classroom. Meanwhile, this research at⁃tempts to explore how the apply CLT effectively in China.
  • 摘要：随着现代科学技术的发展，教育方式的多元化、信息化趋势成为现代教育的主体，多媒体英语教学应运而生，应用多媒体英语教学调动学生的好奇心，打开其学习的兴趣大门，在一定程度上提高了学生的学习效率。但是凡事都是相对的，任何事物的存在都是一把双刃剑，多媒体英语教学方式的引用也是各有利弊，因此，笔者作为一名英语教师，总结了多年的教学经验，与各位同仁一同探讨如何趋利避害的将理论与实际相结合地应用多媒体辅助英语教学。
  • 摘要：Interactive teaching mode refers to a dynamic process of teaching in which teachers and students and teaching materi⁃als will affect each other. It offers language learners a chance to communicate and exchange information frequently. Group coop⁃erative leaning has long been considered to be one of the most important forms of the interactive teaching mode. English writing, one of the essential English language skills, is an integral part of college English teaching. The high or low level of English writing is a comprehensive reflection of various abilities. This paper aims to explore the application of the interactive teaching model in college English writing class in order to improve students’motivation and ability of English writing, thus can provide an effective way of learning to the current college English writing class.
  • 摘要：语音学习在学习英语的整体过程中扮演着基础性角色，因此初中的语音入门学习必须引起教育行业足够的重视。目前，初中生语音学习已经呈现出汉语语境对语音学习干扰大，教学法不够规范，语音教学目的只着眼于应试等问题。这些问题给学生自身及其成绩都带来不良影响。因此，语音教学改革势在必行，笔者从学校、教师、学生三个角度提出了不同的解决方案以供参考。
  • 摘要：阅读教学是新视野大学英语教学中的一个重要环节。如何提高英语阅读能力已成为非学生英语学习的一个重要组成部分。而图式理论模式融合了传统的语言结构观点和认知心理学观点，对阅读有重要的指导意义。该文旨在将图示理论运用于新视野大学英语阅读教学中，以期提高非英语专业学生英语阅读能力。%English reading has been considered as one of the most significant aspects in English teaching. How to improve the reading ability has been the task for those non-English major students. Schema Theory integrates traditional linguistic structural⁃ism with cognative psychology, which is reckoned to be meaningful for English reading. This paper explains how to use this theo⁃ry in New Horizon college English education to improve students’reading ability and efficiency.
  • 摘要：历史与地缘的因素使法语与英语在其语言发展过程中产生了广泛的词汇互借，而词汇与表达方法的互相输入对语言习得者会产生习得的迁移作用。对于目前国内高校以英语为专业并以法语为二外的学习者来说，利用已有的英语知识促进法语的词汇学习与积累，从语言学角度与三语习得的迁移理论来看，都是可行的，而在教学实践中，如何具体、有效的运用词汇对比法提高学生的学习效率，值得我们思考和探索。
  • 摘要：结构主义与解构主义看似一对水火不相容的概念，近年来成为学界热点话题。由此话题引发的译者主体性思考也颇受关注。两种理论都有着广泛的受众，对翻译理论研究都有着深刻的影响。孰是孰非？是冲突还是合作？译者的主体性的上限与底线如何？该文作者在分析两种译学理论的同时，提出解决问题的辩证思考，提出只有尊重文本事实，并发挥译者能动性，才能最大限度地实现翻译目的。
  • 摘要：Chinese network neologisms have the unique features of Chinese characteristics. It introduces the correlation theories of the pragmatic perspective briefly, makes some studies of Chinese Network Neologisms translation based on the Jef Verschueren's General Perspective on Language, points out the necessity to translate the Chinese Network Neologisms from a general cog⁃nitive, social and cultural perspective.%汉语网络新词独具中国特色，在简要介绍了语用分相说与综观说之后，以维索尔伦的语用综观论为理论基础，对汉语网络新词的翻译进行探讨。指出从认知、社会和文化综观的视角出发，参照认知结构，顺应社会语境，注重文化衔接，最终提高汉语网络新词译文的准确性与得体性，从而有效达到跨文化交际的目的。
  • 摘要：记录口译笔记是口译考试过程中必不可少的环节，良好的口译笔记记录能力可提升译文的准确度、流畅度以及语言表达的规范程度。由于各种影响因素，考生在考试过程中常出现语速不当、混淆逻辑、遗漏信息等问题，从而导致考试结果不理想。分析其原因，一方面是由于实践经验不足和语言功底不扎实，另一方面则是由于考试过程中记录口译笔记的能力较差。文章首先阐述了口译笔记的特点以及其在口译考试中的重要性。其次，分析了考试过程中影响成绩的重要因素，如身心状态，记忆能力和笔记之间的互补性等。此外，文章就如何在口译考试中有效地记录笔记提出了一些基本原则，如简要性，层次性以及多符号混用等方法综合使用。最后，文章指出口译考试成功与否，既依靠译员长期积累储备知识、经验，还需要将瞬间接收的信息与长期记忆激活，并转化成笔记，使口译过程持续流畅进行。%As an indispensible part of interpreting exam, note-taking plays an important role in improving the accuracy, fluency and formality of target language. However, owing to various factors, problems like inappropriate pacing, logic confusion, and in⁃formation omission often occurred during the test and affected the result in a negative way. The reason usually attributes to the lack of practical experience and less solid language competence as well as deficiency in note taking. The essay therefore illustrates the features of interpreting notes and its significance in interpreting exams, and then analyses vital factors that influence the result, such as mental and physical status and the complementarity between memory and note-taking. Meanwhile, several strategies for improving note-taking skills efficiently in the exam are presented like simplicity, hierarchy and comprehensive utility of symbols and languages. Finally, it points out that the success of exam depends not only on the knowledge accumulation in a long term, but also on the transmission of notes by the moment receiving the message and trigger the memory in order to proceed interpreta⁃tion with fluency.
  • 摘要：科技英语作为特殊用途英语的一个分支学科，在文体、词汇和语言规律等方面逐渐形成了自己的特色。文章从科技英语中表示比较意义的结构和词组出发，总结探讨了一些翻译规律，希望对科技英语的翻译有一定帮助。
  • 摘要：《福尔摩斯探案全集》的翻译在近代的中国翻译文学史上占有重要地位,影响深远。该文所选两个汉译本出版于1916年和1981年,清末民初的译者语言水平普遍较低，因此译本中删节、增译、改写等现象屡见不鲜。1916年译本中普遍存在这一现象,后世的学者们大多认为这一时期的翻译是对原著的不忠实。但是经过多年的发展以及改革开放，译者们翻译水平的大幅提高，1981年译本相较于1916年更忠实于原著并且向读者完整展现了探案集全貌。因此本文从勒菲弗尔的操控理论出发,借助姜秋霞教授对意识形态的划分，从三个层面—政治、宗教、道德伦理分析两个译本翻译中出现的操控现象,加以对比，解释原因,从而给读者一个清晰的认识以及对清末民初的翻译状况给予客观的评价。
  • 摘要：As a carefully designed work, Flannert O’Connor’s short story“A Good Man is Hard to Find”is a brilliant example for skillfully using narrative techniques to convey her Catholic faith. Mieke Bal’s theories of time in narratology provide a fresh perspective to explores the characterizations in Flannert O’Connor’s“A Good Man is Hard to Find”. Time functions greatly to the characterizations of the characters through the narrative text in terms of the story and the fabula. It helps to present the charac⁃ters’personalities by playing with the sequential ordering, rhythm and frequency. By using these narrative techniques, grand⁃mother’s selfishness, her moral inanition and her considerations that she is morally superior to others is fully expressed to the read⁃er as well as Misfit’s struggling and renascence to his disbeliefs of God and so on.
  • 摘要：Language is a mirror of society. Language reflects values and the way of thinking of a nation. The change of address can suggest the idea of a nation about its social ethics. Any kinds of address represent a sort of people ’s relationship. The address between husband and wife can indicate their status in the family. This thesis conducted a review about the similarities and differ⁃ences between Chinese and western family ethics cultures from the perspective of the address between husband and wife.%一直以来语言与思维的关系就是学界讨论的重点问题，语言是帮助人类发展的工具，一个民族的语言必然反映该民族的思维方式和价值观。一种语言的称谓语直接反映称呼双方的社会关系、等级地位、价值判断等。夫妻之间的称谓问题反映了夫妻间的地位关系。文章从共时和历时的角度探讨中西夫妻称谓的异同，以此来反观中西家庭伦理文化的异同。
  • 摘要：《最后旅程》以后现代叙事模式重新审视《简·爱》，揭示其经典女性文本背后隐藏的殖民主义叙事暴力和帝国主义认识霸权，女作者根深蒂固的国家民族主义。
  • 摘要：As a famous English contemporary women writer, Doris Lessing always puts her attention on the female characters that live in South Africa. Their lives are pathetic and sad. This thesis tries to analyze one of Lessing ’s short stories— Winter in July from Lacan’s three Orders approach. Lessing is a feminist, but the deeper description of the desire and struggle in men ’s inner world in her works is also remarkable.

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