复模态分析在盘式制动器制动异响抑制上的应用

摘要

为解决某SUV车型在行驶过程中盘式制动器产生的制动异响问题,采用行业界内主流的复模态分析方法,利用Abaqus计算制动器系统的复特征值分布,通过对比分析不稳定模态下子结构的模态振型与其本身的模态振型间的关系,揭示系统不稳定模态是由于各子结构模态耦合振型叠加而导致的,结合SAE J2521试验结果及路试实际情况对比发现,仿真分析能够较为准确地预测出系统产生制动异响的趋势,且不稳定系数是否大于0.01不是作为评判系统稳定与否的唯一标准.结合实际工程经验提出一种"不对称倒角"结构对摩擦片的形状进行优化,试验结果显示这种特殊结构能够有效地抑制制动异响,有效地解决了实际工程问题,为制动异响问题的解决提供了另一条途径.%Control of the disc braking noise of a particular SUV is studied. The complex eigenvalues and the complex modals are calculated by means of Abaqus. Comparing the modal shape of the substructure under the unstable modal condition with its own modal shape, it is revealed that the system modal instability is due to modal shape superposition and the modal coupling of the substructures. Comparing the results of SAE J2521 test with the results of road test, it is discovered that the simulation analysis can accurately forecast the tendency of the braking noise, and whether the instability coefficient is greater than 0.01 is not the unique criterion for the system's stability judgment. In virtue of the practical engineering experience, a structure called"asymmetric chamfer"is put forward to optimize the shape of the friction pad. Results of the test show that this special structure can effectively suppress the braking noise. This work offers another way for braking noise suppression.