冷凝器冷却水通道声传递特性

摘要

为阐明冷凝器冷却水通道的声传递特性、提高循环水系统声学设计能力,将换热方程和一维平面波方程耦合,推导得到换热管内冷却水声传递矩阵,针对冷凝器几何结构建立总传递矩阵并求解得到其冷却水通道声传递损失.建立试验系统验证了冷凝器冷却水管路声传递损失计算结果.根据换热管双向流固耦合分析计算结果,管外蒸汽绕流对换热管内冷却水脉动压力的影响可以忽略,冷凝器进出口管内水声和管壁振动测试结果也表明,该系统内冷却水脉动和管壁振动耦合紧密,管内流体脉动是管壁振动的主要激励源.研究结果还表明,通过调整冷凝器冷却水通道结构参数可以调节冷却水声传递损失.%The sound transmission characteristics of the condenser coolant channels are elaborated.In order to raise the acoustic design level of circulation coolant systems, the heat exchange equation is coupled with 1-D plane wave transmission equations,and the acoustic transfer matrix of the coolant in the heat exchange pipe is derived.According to the geometrical structure,the general transfer matrix of the condenser is established and the sound transfer loss of the coolant channel of the condenser is solved.The calculated results are compared with the data collected in experiment and found to agree well with it. The double way fluid-structure coupling analysis is conducted on a single heat transfer pipe with surrounding flow. The results show that the effect of surrounding steam flow on internal flow characteristics can be neglected.Experimental results also show that flow fluctuation is the main exciting source of pipe wall vibration as coolant flow sound pressure fluctuation and coolant pipe wall vibration are closely interacted. The coolant sound transfer loss in circulation coolant system can be adjusted by changing the construction parameters of the condenser.