拖拉机前轴悬架参数优化设计

摘要

With the CF700 tractor as the research object, the 4-DOF vibration model of the tractor with a front axle suspension is build by means of the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform.Using a 100 m smoother road of GB/T 10910—2004 as the excitation, the vibration performace of the tractor is tested experimentally and simulated numerically under the same conditions.The results show that the average relative error is 16.8 % and acceptable.It is shown that,when the stiffness and damping coefficients of the front suspension are 334 kN/m and 12 665 N?s/m respectively,the comprehensive performance of the tractor is optimal.The RMSs of the vertical vibration acceleration and the pitch vibration acceleration at the mass center of the tractor are reduced by 14.57 % and 34.34 % respectively,the RMSs of the vertical vibration acceleration at the seat and the front tire dynamic load are reduced by 4.42 % and 17.76 % respectively. Ride comfort and driving safety of the tractor are improved significantly.%以常发CF700型拖拉机为研究对象,以MATLAB/SIMULINK为研究平台,建立了带前悬架的拖拉机四自由度平面振动模型,仿真研究无前轴悬架拖拉机的振动特性,并与拖拉机在GB/T 10910—2004100 m较平滑跑道上的振动测试结果对比,结果表明平均相对误差为16.8 %,在可接受的范围内.通过仿真研究得到前轴悬架刚度和阻尼系数分别为334 kN/m和12665 N?s/m时,拖拉机的综合性能达到最优.拖拉机机身质心处垂向振动加速度均方根值、俯仰角振动加速度均方根值、座椅垂向振动加速度均方根值以及前轮胎动载荷均方根值分别下降了14.57 %、34.31 %、4.42 %和17.76 %,拖拉机的乘坐舒适性和行驶安全性方面得到了一定的改善.