不同高校护理专业本科生专业选择及专业认同的调查分析

摘要

目的：了解不同学校护理专业本科生的专业认同、专业选择及影响因素，为本科护理专业开展科学有效的针对性教育教学提供参考依据。方法自行设计与护理本科生专业选择及专业认知相关的问卷，采用不记名方式，随机抽样调查新乡医学院护理学院及新乡医学院三全学院护理专业护理本科生290名，分析不同学校护理本科生专业选择、专业认知度及影响因素。结果多数护理本科生根据家长的意愿和目前的就业形势进行专业选择，但在就读护理专业之后，多数学生愿意调换专业，并认为护理这一职业的社会地位不高。新乡医学院护理学院本科生认为护理职业的社会地位对自己学习护理专业知识积极性的影响最大占27.4%，新乡医学院三全学院护理专业本科生认为护理职业的就业形势和经济收入对自己学习护理专业知识积极性的影响较大，均占29.0%，差异具有高度显著性(χ2=25.013，P<0.001)。新乡医学院护理学院学生专业认同得分为44.39±6.77，高于新乡医学院三全学院学生专业认同得分42.44±7.33。结论护理本科生专业思想不稳定，专业选择受到家庭、社会的影响，专业认同度不高。学校在教育教学中应注重培养学生的专业观，加强人文素质教育，提高学生的专业认同度。%Objective To understand the major selection,the professional identity and the influential factors among nursing undergraduate students from dif erent col eges and universities,and aim to provide reference for undergraduate nursing education to develop scientific,ef ective and appropriate teaching. Methods Self-designed questionnaires about the major selection and the professional identity of nursing undergraduate were used to investigate 290 nursing undergraduate students who were chosen by random sample from Xinxiang medical col ege and Sanquan medical col ege.To analysis the major selection and the professional identity and the influential factors among nursing undergraduate students from dif erent col eges and universities. Results Most nursing undergraduate students chose their major according their parents'desires and the employment situation present.But many students are wil ing to change their major after they at ended in nursing,and they think the social status of nurse is relatively low. There are 27.4%students from Xinxiang medical col ege consider that the social status of nurse is the main influential factor of their enthusiasm and there are both 29.0%students from Sanquan consider that the employment situation and the economic income are the main influential factors. Both dif erences are highly significance (Χ?=25.013,P<0.001). The score of students from Xinxiang medical col ege about their professional identity is 44.39±6.77,which is higher than the score of students from Sanquan is 42.44±7.33. ConclusionThe professional ideas of nursing undergraduate students are instable and their major selection are influenced by their families and the society,and the professional identity of nursing undergraduate students is low. Col eges and universities should focus on training students'professional view in education and teaching;strengthen the humanistic quality education to improve students'professional identity.