我国生态德育研究与反思

摘要

生态德育即是进行生态知识、生态意识、生态情感和践行生态道德行为能力与习惯的一种教育活动。加强生态德育是人类对生态危机、人类中心主义和传统德育弊端反思的结果，也是当代生态伦理学的发展和现代哲学反思的结果。我国生态德育研究经历了启蒙探索、初步研究和兴盛时期三个阶段。生态德育研究的主要内容有理论基础、含义、目标内容、途径与方法等方面。其研究存在的问题是：论文研究成果多，理论著作成果少；理论研究比较散乱，没能形成系统的理论体系；研究方法上经验描述多，实证量化研究少；注重制定法律、政策等强制性规范手段，缺乏相应的制度保障与实施体系；学校生态德育氛围不浓、教师和生态德育资源比较匮乏等。今后结合我国实际强化生态德育的科学理论研究和具体落实是其工作重点。%Ecological moral education is a kind of educational activity in training students'competence and hab-its of ecological moral knowledge,consciousness,emotion and moral behavior.Strengthening ecological moral edu-cation is the result of human being's reflection to the ecological crisis,human centrism and traditional moral defects. It is also the result of the development of contemporary ecological ethics and the reflection of modern philosophy. The research of ecological moral education in China has experienced three stages:initial exploration,primary re-search and flourishing period.The main research contents of ecological moral education consist of theoretical basis, contents,connotations,obj ectives,means and strategies.The existing problem is:more research articles than books;more scattered theoretical system;more experienced descriptions than quantitative empirical study;more peremptory norms of laws and regulations than institutional guarantee for the implementation;lack of the teaching and learning resources etc.Thus the future study focus will be put on the combination of the scientific theoretical research and concrete implementation.