荀子“性恶论”德育价值的反思与建构

摘要

“性恶论”是荀子德育思想的哲学基础，具有助于道德个体修身塑德，促进人生环境和谐，引导社会秩序有序建构的现代价值。然而，由于历史上对“性恶论”的德育价值缺乏全面而客观的认知，导致道德价值判断的标准失衡、道德奖惩机制形式化、道德滑坡趋势严峻、道德教育效果不佳，不利于道德教育的实施与深化。因此，当代道德教育应汲取荀子“性恶论”德育思想精华，以“化性起伪、隆礼重法、涂之人可以为禹”的新路径，在家庭、学校、社会领域深化道德教育，提升个体修养，营造良好的社会精神文化氛围。%The theory of“human nature being evil”is philosophical basis of Xunzi's moral education thought and it is good for individual’s s moral self-cultivation, harmony between human and nature and social order in modern so-ciety. However, there was no objective and comprehensive cognition of the moral education value of “human nature being evil”, which caused lack of proper moral value judgment standard, stereotyped moral reward and punishment mechanism and striking decline of morality. Therefore, moral education in modern society should take in the essence of Xunzi’s“human nature being evil”and deepen moral education in family, school and society to enhance individu-al’s morality and establish good social spiritual culture environment.