浓雾环境下车车通信对交通事故的影响分析

摘要

With fog environment, drivers present different driving behaviors compared with normal weather, which may bring security threats to drivers. To ensure traffic security, traffic management department will close highway when heavy fog occurs,which makes people inconvenient. The traditional visual based and vehicle-to-vehicle communication based driving-behavior modes are analyzed firstly. Based on the driving-behavior modes,the traffic flow cellular automaton models are proposed. Simulation results show that vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology can decrease the local compact effect,which can decrease the traffic accident probability effectively. The traffic accident probability with vehicle-to-vehicle communication decreases much in low density. The research results can provide reference to the continue release of highway when heavy fog occurs if the vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology is used.%雾天环境下驾驶员会表现出和正常天气不同的驾驶行为，给行车安全带来威胁。为保证交通安全，交通管理部门在浓雾环境下关闭高速公路，给人们出行带来不便。分析浓雾环境下基于传统目视和基于车车通信的驾驶行为，建立了交通流元胞自动机模型。模拟结果表明：车车通信能够有效减少车辆分布的“局部聚集效应”，从而大大降低交通事故率；当车辆密度较小时，交通事故率的降低效应尤其明显。本文的研究为高速公路在浓雾环境下采用车车通信技术实现车辆连续放行提供参考。