SSR、SRAP、ISSR分子标记在茶树品种亲本鉴定上的比较分析

摘要

To identify male parent of Xiangbolv 2 and to provide a reference for the choice of DNA marker in the study of relationship analysis, SSR, SRAP and ISSR were used to identify the male parent of Xiangbolv 2 among 5 possible tea varieties. Percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB), polymorphic information content (PIC), diversity index (DI), resolving power (Rp), marker index (MI) and other indicators were used to compare the marker efficiencies of SSR, SRAP and ISSR. Totally 83 (2.86 per primer) alleles were identified by 29 pairs of SSR primers. The average PPB, PIC, DI, Rp, MI were 77.01%, 0.55, 0.29, 1.31, 0.95 respectively. Meanwhile, 139 (8.18 per primer) alleles were amplified by 17 pairs of SRAP, with the average PPB, PIC, DI, Rp, MI of 71.70%, 0.84, 0.15, 3.65, 3.59 respectively. 90 (9.00 per primer) alleles were detected by 10 ISSR primer, with the average PPB, PIC, DI, Rp, MI of 69.76%, 0.85, 0.15, 4.21, 4.71 respectively. MI, Rp and PIC showed the same trend among SSR, SRAP and ISSR, with the highest value of ISSR, followed by SRAP and SSR, the PPB and DI showed the opposite trend. These results indicated that ISSR and SRAP markers had high marker efficiency, and SSR markers had extensive polymorphism. Similarity coefficients among 7 accessions were different by different 3 DNA markers, but Xiangbolv 2, Xiangbolv and Fuding Dabaicha were gathered together irrespective of DNA markers, indicating that Xiangbolv might be the male parent of Xiangbolv 2.%为鉴定湘波绿2号的父本，同时为茶树亲本鉴定和亲缘关系分析等研究提供分子标记参考，本研究采用 SSR、SRAP、ISSR 3种分子标记体系，在对湘波绿2号与其母本和5个可能父本进行亲缘关系分析基础上，比较了这3种分子标记体系的多态性条带比率（PPB）、多态性信息含量（PIC）、多样性指数（DI）、引物解析强度（Rp）、分子标记指数（MI）等指标。29对 SSR引物共检测到等位位点83个，平均每对引物2.86个，引物PPB、PIC、DI、Rp、MI平均值分别为77.01%、0.55、0.29、1.31、0.95。17对SRAP引物共检测到等位位点139个，平均每对引物8.18个，引物 PPB、PIC、DI、Rp、MI 平均值分别为71.70%、0.84、0.15、3.65、3.59。10个 ISSR 引物共检测到等位位点90个，平均每个引物9.00个，引物 PPB、PIC、DI、Rp、MI 平均值分别为69.76%、0.85、0.15、4.21、4.71。3种标记体系的 MI、Rp、PIC 趋势一致，ISSR 最高，依次为SRAP和SSR，而PPB和DI正好相反。以上结果表明，ISSR和SRAP标记具有较高的标记效率，而 SSR 标记具有丰富的多态性。不同分子标记体系获得的品种间相似系数有所不同，但湘波绿2号与湘波绿和福鼎大白茶聚为一类，说明湘波绿2号与其关系较近，湘波绿可能为湘波绿2号的父本。