论法律数学思想“形式理性”与“实质理性”之争及其意义

摘要

In Western traditional research into legal thoughts since ancient Greece onwards,there has been the practice of “legal mathematical ideas”which are different from the methods of social science research.In recent years,this kind of legal study based on mathematical thinking and mathematical tools has gain growing popularity in China.However,due to the long-standing gap of research ideas and methods between natural sciences and social sciences there are a lot of doubt about research into “legal mathematical ideas”.In essence,this doubt is the embodiment of the dispute between “scientism”and “humanism”in the study of legal mathematical ideas.So,how to achieve the dialectical unity between “formal rationality”and “substantive rationality”is the key problem to be solved in order to conduct a study of legal mathematics.%在西方法律思想研究传统中，自古希腊时代起，就存在着与社会科学研究方法不同的“法律数学思想”传统。近年来，这种以数学理性思维和数学工具为方法论的法律研究在我国方兴未艾。但由于长期以来自然科学和社会科学领域存在着的研究思想和方法的鸿沟，理论界对于这种“法律数学思想”研究还有很大的质疑声，认为这种研究方法背离了法律价值判断的基本属性。从本质上看，这种质疑观点是“科学主义”与“人本主义”之间争论在法律数学思想研究上的具体体现。所以，如何实现“形式理性”与“实质理性”的辩证统一，是开展法律数学研究必须首先解决的关键问题。