Materials of behavior and psychology of animals and children are always adopted as significant evidence,indicaling how art comes into being. However,it is problematic as to their significance and val-ues. Firstly,there are fundamental differences between human beings at the stage of animal and animals, though there are some common traits between them. For example,they are essentially different in imita-tion,game,language,etc. We can learn nothing from materials from animals about how art originates. Secondly,it also makes little sense to take the materials of behavior and psychology of children as approa-ches to study the origin of art,though the study on child psychology do inspires the research on the origin of art. But there is a common mistake on this research,which is,the distinctions between the two con-cepts of synchronicity and diachronism are not always distinguished well. Children are fundamentally dif-ferent from hominid from many aspect such as psychology,behavior,the way to learn language,and the living environment,etc. The children stage of modern men cannot be compared with the hominid period of human being basically at this level.%动物和儿童的行为与心理材料常被作为研究艺术起源的重要材料，其意义和价值是值得怀疑的。人在动物阶段虽与动物具有共同性，但二者之间存在根本的差异。如在模仿、游戏、语言等方面，人与动物便有本质的区别。动物材料对研究艺术起源问题也就没有实证意义。儿童艺术心理的研究对探讨艺术起源虽有启示作用，但将儿童行为和心理材料作为研究人类艺术起源的依据，其意义和价值十分有限。目前学界研究存在一个普遍的错误，即混淆了共时性和历时性的概念。儿童不论是心理、行为、语言习得的方式还是所处的环境，与原始人都有根本性的区别。在这一意义上，现代人的儿童阶段与人类的原始阶段这两者不具有可比性。
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