中国知识产权法院的愿景及其实现路径

摘要

The establishment of Chinese intellectual property (IP) trial organizations began in the 1990s, and the creation of specialized IP courts is a natural extension of a developing IP system. There are many reasons for establishing IP courts such as the promotion of judicial unity, increase in litigation efifciency, strengthening of IP protection, creating an international image of domestic IP protection, and testing new methods of judicial reform. However, these reasons alone do not signify that specialized IP courts are necessary. Rather, IP courts are a result of a comprehensive policy. They should be established in special people’s courts, and their creation and perfection will be a long process. The creation of a China-specific IP court system will require both learning from the experiences of foreign IP courts as well as a consideration of current domestic conditions. The establishment of IP courts should be considered under the context of judicial reform, the mechanisms of the judicial system and specific aspects of IP procedures should be explored to foster comprehensive judicial reform.%中国知识产权专业审判组织的建构始自20世纪90年代，知识产权法院是其自然延伸。设立知识产权法院有诸多理由，如促进司法统一、提高程序效率、强化知识产权保护、树立良好国际形象、试点司法改革等，但并不能从理性上由此得出知识产权法院具有必然性的结论。因而，知识产权法院是综合政策的结果。知识产权法院在我国应定位于专门法院，其建立与完善是一个长期的过程。有必要借鉴域外知识产权法院的经验，并结合现实国情，建立有中国特色的知识产权法院制度。知识产权法院的建设还应置于司法改革的背景下，在司法体制、机制以及知识产权特别程序制度方面进行探索，为全面的司法改革积累经验。