摘要:新能源汽车公众消费市场的扩散,是其产业发展的关键。文章整合技术接受理论(TAM )及创新扩散理论(ID T ),从消费者个体因素、产品接口因素2个维度来分析构建了影响消费者新能源汽车采用行为的理论模型,以此来探讨新能源汽车公众市场扩散的机制。通过网络与实地调查的方式收集了292份有效问卷,并利用结构方程模型(SEM )进行实证分析。结果表明,消费者对产品的感知有用性和感知易用性、消费者创新性、社群归属及结构性保障因素对公众新能源汽车采用具有显著正向影响。证明该模型能很好地解释消费者对新能源汽车采用过程所具有的基本规律,并据此提出了促进我国新能源汽车产业发展的建议。%Public consumption market diffusion of new energy vehicles is the key to the development of the in‐dustry .The paper studies the mechanism of public market diffusion on new energy vehicles by integrating tech‐nology acceptance theory (TAM) and the innovation diffusion theory (IDT) ,and constructing the theoretical model of consumer behaviors to use new energy vehicles from two dimensions of individual consumer factors and product interface factors .Through the way of network and field surveys ,the research collected 292 valid questionnaires and used structural equation model (SEM ) for an empirical analysis .Result show s that perceived usefulness ,perceived ease of use and innovativeness of consumers ,belongingness to the community and struc‐tural factors have significant positive influences on using new energy vehicles .Research proves that the model can well explain the basic laws of the process in which consumers use new energy vehicles .And some sugges‐tions of promoting development of new energy vehicles industry in our country are made .
摘要:进入21世纪以来,互联网金融一直受到社会的广泛关注,也是金融学领域中一个研究热点。文章以中国学术文献网络出版总库(CNKI)中2002~2014年互联网金融相关的核心期刊为基础数据源,在确定国内互联网金融领域53个高频关键词的基础上,采用共词分析法及其可视化技术,利用书目共现分析系统(BICOMB)及SPSS统计工具对数据进行分析。建立在多维尺度分析结果上并参考因子分析及聚类分析结果可以得出,现阶段我国互联网金融研究有五大热点主题:互联网小微金融、支付方式与交易、金融改革创新、互联网金融征信和互联网金融风险与监管。%Since the 21st century ,internet finance not only has received extensive attention from the whole soci‐ety ,but also been a hot research topic in the field of finance .In this paper we conduct an analysis of the data taking internet finance related core journals from CNKI database between 2002 and 2014 as the underlying data source ,on the basis of determining the 53 high frequency keywords in domestic Internet financial field ,using co‐word analysis method and its visualization technology ,and using BICOMB and SPSS .Based on the result of multidimensional scaling analysis and reference for the factor analysis and cluster analysis results ,we can con‐clude that the present stage of China’s internet financial research has five hotspots :Internet small micro‐fi‐nance ,payment and trading ,financial reform and innovation ,the internet financial reporting ,internet financial risk and regulation .
摘要:Despite the relevance between secondary infringement of intellectual property and joint infringement , we should not take joint infringement as the sole frame of reference of secondary infringement ,or try to use the joint infringement in place of secondary infringement ;we should examine the secondary infringement system of intellectual property in view of multiple tortfeasors .A relevancy research on joint infringement and secondary infringement should be conducted taking contributory infringement and induce infringement in combining of in‐direct infringement and secondary infringement as the focus ,and a relevancy research on non‐mental connection multiple tortfeasors and secondary infringement taking secondary infringement independent of direct infringe‐ment as the focus .We should take the revisions of Patent Law ,Copyright Law and other slip laws of intellec‐tual property as an opportunity to make the secondary infringement statutory ,sum up the secondary infringe‐ments in practice ,analyze the pros and cons of the secondary infringement rules in current law s ,and construct the secondary infringement system .%尽管知识产权间接侵权与共同侵权存在关联,但是不能仅将共同侵权作为知识产权间接侵权的参照系,或者试图用共同侵权代替间接侵权,而应当在多数人侵权的视野下考察知识产权间接侵权制度。文章以直接侵权与间接侵权相结合中的教唆侵权和帮助侵权为重点,对共同侵权与间接侵权进行关联性研究;以独立于直接侵权而存在的间接侵权为重点对无意思联络数人侵权与间接侵权进行关联性研究。应当以《专利法》、《著作权法》等知识产权单行法的修订为契机,对知识产权间接侵权进行法定化,总结实践中发生的间接侵权情形,分析现行法中的间接侵权规则的利弊得失,在此基础上建立知识产权间接侵权规则体系。
摘要:Whether the terminal operator is entitled to the limitation of liability by the carrier depends on the de‐termination of its legal status .This paper ,starting with an analysis of the legislative provisions with respect to carriers’ limitation of liability ,makes a comparative study of the legal status of the terminal operator and the judicial attitude towards the validity of the “Himalaya Clause”in China and Korea .It is concluded that the ter‐minal operator is an independent contractor and therefore cannot directly enjoy the benefits of the carrier ’s limi‐tation of liability .However ,where terminal operator’s limitation of liability is included in the “Himalaya Clause”,such inclusion is valid .%港口经营人能否限制赔偿责任取决于其法律地位的正确界定。文章从承运人责任限制的立法依据入手,比较分析中、韩法下港口经营人的法律地位以及法院对提单背面的港口经营人责任限制条款的效力的态度,认为港口经营人应为独立合同人,其不能直接根据《海商法》享有责任限制的权利,但司法实践中应认定提单背面的港口经营人责任限制条款有效。
摘要:大学作为文化组织,时刻发挥和彰显着其他社会组织在文化使命担当上无法比拟的功能与价值。文章以时间为维度,研究文化变迁影响大学文化使命的演进;以空间为维度,从大学之于民族与社会的宏观角度和大学自身内部的微观角度,探讨大学双重文化使命的实践价值与途径。一方面,大学文化使命可以表述为大学在民族和社会发展过程中所具有的文化功能与作用的总称;另一方面,大学文化使命又可概述为对大学人进行文化熏陶、培养文化自觉理念和孕育大学精神。宏观上,大学在民族与社会发展中肩负着发展和引领社会先进文化建设、选择并融合多元文化、规范社会价值系统、推进文化传承与创新的文化使命;微观上,大学自身建设发展承载着凝聚并延续大学精神、文化育人、构建和谐校园、推进大学内部管理的文化使命。%University ,as a cultural organization ,plays and demonstrates the values and functions which other social organizations in the cultural mission can never substitute .The evolution history of university cultural mission under the effect of cultural transformation is studied from time dimension .On the macro level of uni‐versity to the whole nation and the society as well as on the micro level of university itself ,the practical value of dual cultural mission of university is discussed from space dimension .The cultural mission of university can be expressed as the generic terms of the cultural function and effect during the process of both national and so‐cial development .The mission can be summarized as the cultural nurture of university people ,cultivation of cultural consciousness and development of university spirit .Macroscopically ,university has the culture mission of developing and guiding social culture construction ,choosing and converging the multi‐cultures ,standardizing the social value system and promoting cultural inheritance and innovation .Microscopically ,the self‐construc‐tion and development of university culture has the culture mission of converging and inheriting university spirit , culture education ,constructing harmonious campus ,and promoting university internal management .
摘要:“中国式分权”带来经济发展奇迹的同时,也加剧了环境污染。文章以我国73个环境重点监测城市2003~2012年的数据作为研究样本,利用静态面板和动态面板模型,实证考察了城市层面的财政分权与环境污染的关系。结果表明,不论是财政收入分权还是支出分权的提高都会提高污染物的排放水平,前者通过“政企合谋”实现,后者则通过地方官员支出的偏向实现,且前者的影响更大,造成上述结果更重要的原因是官员考核机制的缺陷,制度改革势在必行。应该改变现行的地方官员考核评价机制,完善财政分权体制,处理好经济增长和环境污染的关系,通过产业结构的优化和升级等逐步提高环境质量。%“Chinese‐style separation of powers”not only brings miracle of economic development ,but also exac‐erbate environmental pollution .In this paper ,we conduct an empirical study of the relationship between fiscal decentralization and environmental pollution of urban dimension using China ’s 73 monitored environment cities from 2003 to 2012 data as the study sample ,and developing static panel and dynamic panel models .The results show that both the revenue and expenditure decentralization will improve the level of emissions of pollutants ;the former is due to“collusion”and the latter is due to local officials’ spending tendency ,and the former’s im‐pact is greater .The more important reason is the defect of officials’ assessment mechanisms ;its reform is nec‐essary .T herefore ,the existing local officials’ assessment mechanism should be changed ,fiscal decentralization be improved ,the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution be well handled ,and envi‐ronmental quality be gradually improved through the optimization and promotion of industrial structure .
摘要:将利率市场化进程划分为三个阶段,通过集合经验模态分解法对中国货币市场与资本市场的数据进行了分解,提取了最具代表联动性的短周期分量。采用VAR‐GARCH‐BEKK模型对三个阶段两个市场的溢出效应进行了分析,结果显示,货币市场与资本市场单向和双向溢出效应均不显著,在利率市场化推进的过程中,联动的脆弱性未得到实质性改善,DCC‐MV GARCH模型证明了研究结论的稳健性。因此,推进利率市场化必须加快完善利率传导机制,构建多层次的金融市场系统,培育以价格型货币政策工具为主导的调控机制,循序渐进地牵引经济的稳定可持续发展。%This paper initially derives the short cycle components which reflect the linkage through dividing the progress of interest rate liberalization into three stages and exploring the data of Chinese capital market and monetary market based on EEMD .And the spillover effects of these two markets in each stage have been analyzed respectively using VAR‐GARCH‐BEKK model .The results reveal that neither unidirectional nor bi‐directional spillover effects between capital market and monetary market are significant .The results also show that the vulnerability of the linkage has not been improved in the development of interest rate liberalization .How ever ,the effectiveness and accuracy of the research findings are demonstrated by DCC‐MV GARCH model .Therefore ,improving the interest rate transmission mechanism is the key to promote interest rate liberalization ,and then lead to a multi‐level financial market system .Furthermore ,a development mode focused on price based monetary policy instruments is recommended ,progressively leading to a sus‐tainable and stable development of economy .
摘要:文章从地区知识产权促进地区产业发展总量的关系视角开展知识产权促进东北地区产业发展的实证研究,对东北三省知识产权促进产业发展的省际差异进行对比分析,识别知识产权与老工业基地产业发展的关联关系的特殊性,建立了知识产权和产业发展的指标体系,运用灰色关联分析方法进行实证。结果表明:在地区知识产权促进产业发展总量上,东北三省论文产出与产业、经济指标关联程度高于专利产出与产业、经济指标关联程度;在产业知识产权促进产业发展结构运行上,研发人员投入的作用最为突出,其次是专利申请的作用,新产品销售收入作为知识产权的运用端发挥的作用仍然较小。%In the view of the regional intellectual property promoting regional industrial development ,this paper conducts an empirical study on how intellectual property can promote the Northeastern regional industry devel‐opment ,and a contrastive analysis of the interprovincial differences between the three northeastern provinces to identify the particularity of association relationship between intellectual property and the old industrial base ’s industrial development .An index system of intellectual property and industrial development was established , and the gray correlation analysis method was employed .The results indicate that in the total amount of regional intellectual property promoting industrial development ,the relevance between paper production and industry , economy index is higher than the relevance between patent output and industry ,economy index ;in the indus‐trial intellectual property promoting structural operation of industrial development ,the role of R&D personnel is the most remarkable ,the role of patent application is in the second place ,and the role of sales revenue of new products used as intellectual property is less significant .
摘要:Technology plays an increasingly significant role in the progress of human history ,particularly in the economic development .However ,under the circumstances of modern social development ,the single dimension of economic value has been unable to fulfill the higher demand for the technological progress .In this paper , concept of ecology and systematic view are introduced to the study of technology philosophy ,constructing a theoretical framework of technological ecosystem from a new angle ,and analyzing its complexity and evolution‐ary mechanism .On the basis ,the paper proposes perspectives of regulating technological development with a dimension of ecological value ,organically unifying technological innovation and integrated development ,com‐positely restricting technological ecosystem with legal ideology and seeking the balance of technical development between economic and ecological benefits .%技术在推动人类历史进步特别是经济发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用。但是,以往单一的经济价值尺度已经无法适应当代社会发展对技术进步提出的更高要求。文章将生态学理念和系统理论引入技术哲学研究,在新的视野下建构技术生态系统的理论框架,对技术生态系统的复杂性和演化机制进行分析。在此基础上,文章提出坚持以生态价值尺度规制技术发展,实现技术创新与技术主体全面发展的有机统一,在法治观念下完成对技术生态系统的综合控制,使技术发展在经济效益与生态效益间寻求平衡点。
摘要:大学文化,是大学人在对高深知识创造、理解、传授、保存、加工和创新的实践过程中,适应外部环境和整合内部的过程中习得的“共性”。大学文化生成的过程是逐步生成统一、共识、共享与积淀的过程;是“目标、信仰、价值观、神话、仪式等”一系列不完整元素产生和趋向完整,最终生成一幅较完整的学校文化地图的过程。其中,共生、共识和共享是大学文化生成的关键。大学人、高深知识、外部环境是大学文化生成的三个要素,三个要素之间相互作用从而生成大学文化。%University culture is a kind of generality acquired by adapting to external environment and integrating the internal and produced by the faculty and students of university in the process of creating ,understanding , imparting ,saving ,processing and innovating profound knowledge .The process of generating university culture is a gradual process of achieving unification ,common view ,shared vision and accumulation ;generating a series of incomplete elements of objective ,faith ,value ,mythology and ritual and tending to be complete ,and form‐ing a complete university cultural map .Symbiosis ,consensus and sharing are the key factors to forming univer‐sity culture .University members ,profound knowledge and external environment are the three elements in gen‐erating university culture w hich react upon one another .
摘要:With the rapid development of mobile payment and overall popularization of social application ,“mo‐bile+social”pattern becomes a developing trend of payment applications .Through a survey on 241 existing us‐ers ,we conducted data analysis with Structure Equation Modeling and examined the factors which influence us‐er’s continuance intention of mobile social application .The results indicated that subjective norm and utility expectancy have significantly positive impact on continuance intention .And utility expectancy serves as a fully mediating variable in the relationship between subjective norm and continuance intention .Perception of risk has a significantly negative effect on user’s continuance intention ;however the negative effect can be diminished as subjective norm increases .%随着移动支付的迅速发展和社交应用的全面普及,“移动+社交”的模式成为支付类APP发展的趋势。在对241位用户进行问卷调查的基础上,通过构建结构方程模型进行数据处理与分析,对用户持续使用移动社交支付APP的影响因素进行了深入的探讨。研究结果表明,主观参照和效用期望均能显著正向影响持续使用意愿,其中效用期望在主观参照和持续使用意愿之间起到完全中介作用;风险认知对持续使用意愿具有显著负向影响,但主观参照在风险认知和持续使用意愿之间具有负向调节作用。
摘要:文章利用硅谷-北京风险投资产业集群式转移的案例,运用社会网络分析等方法,对产业集群式转移的网络结构演化与变迁进行了研究。研究发现:转移后的北京风险投资产业集群与原硅谷风险投资集群具有相似的多中心核状结构,原集群的网络特征通过转移企业在新集群中的网络合作逐渐渗透到了新集群网络中;硅谷中处于网络中心位置的风险投资企业,在北京的集群网络中通常占据着中心位置,也更具有向北京进行集群式转移的倾向。%Based on the case of VC cluster’s relocation from Silicon Valley to Beijing ,this paper makes an anal‐ysis of the revolution and transition of the network structure in the process of industrial clusters ’ relocation u‐sing social network analysis method .It indicates that both the relocated VC cluster in Beijing and the VC clus‐ter in Silicon Valley have the similar nuclear structure of multi center w hich means that the new Beijing VC cluster inherits the characteristics from the old cluster network before its relocation through the activities of the relocated VC firms in the new cluster in Beijing .Those VC firms centered in Silicon Valley VC cluster always locate centrally in Beijing VC cluster and also prefer to relocate to Beijing .
摘要:《逍遥游》是庄子思想的纲领,对理解庄子整个思想世界具有关键性意义。从文本本身来看,《逍遥游》一方面指向人的自由理想,另一方面指向人的现世生存,两者构成了一个相互涵摄、相互支撑的思想整体。作为自由理想的“逍遥游”,表现为人的精神不断超越各种拘限和束缚而达到的一种绝对的自由;作为现世生存的“逍遥游”,表现为人的合乎理想的生命安顿方式。自由理想的提升,使得人的现世生存具有了独立不拔的超越品格;现世生存的困顿,使得人的自由理想具有了深厚广阔的现实根基。自由理想与现世生存的相互圆融,成为《逍遥游》乃至庄子整个思想一以贯之的筋脉和灵魂,千百年来闪耀在中国士人的心灵、思想和生命中。%XiaoYaoYou is the outline of Zhuangzi’s thought ,and is the key to the understanding of Zhuangzi’s whole thought .According to the content of Zhuangzi ,iao Yao You points to the thought of individual’s free‐dom ,and Xiao Yao You points to the existence in this world ,both dimensions are interrelated to ,complemen‐tary with ,and relies on each other .As the thought of freedom ,Xiao Yao You performs as human being’s free‐dom exceeding all kinds of limits and bounds ,and reaching the absolute freedom .As the existence in this world ,Xiao Yao You performs as living ideally in this world .The promoting of the ideal of freedom makes hu‐man beings have the quality of freedom and independence in this world .The obstacles of this world makes hu‐man being’s ideal of freedom have the realistic foundation deeply and widely .The thought of freedom and the existence in this word combined together ,becoming the outline and spirit of Xiao Yao You and Zhuangzi ,shin‐ing in the spirit ,thinking and life of traditional Chinese intellectuals .
摘要:文章选取通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业、医药制造业、日用化学产品制造业为样本,采用2005~2007年中国工业企业数据,分析这三个行业研发支出、广告支出对企业经济绩效的影响。研究发现:(1)三个行业的研发支出与企业经济绩效均呈U型关系;(2)广告支出与企业经济绩效的关系具有明显的行业差异性;(3)医药制造业和通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业研发和广告支出的交互项与企业经济绩效显著正相关,而日用化学产品制造业研发和广告支出的交互项与企业经济绩效的正相关关系不显著。%This paper selects the enterprises in telecommunication ,computer and other electronic equipment manufacturing ,pharmaceutical manufacturing , and household and personal product industries as samples , drawing data from Chinese industrial enterprise database during 2005~2007 .The econometric analysis method is applied to test the impact of R&D expenditure and advertising expenditure on enterprise economic perform‐ance .The results show that :(1) R&D expenditure has a U‐shaped relationship with enterprise economic per‐formance .(2) There are statistically significant differences in the relationship between advertising expenditure andenterprise economic performance across industries .(3) The interaction of R&D expenditure and advertising expenditure is positively related to enterprise economic performance .
摘要:以2011年至2013年我国沪深A股上市公司为样本数据,实证研究发现龙头公司是否达到分析师的预期与跟随公司盈余管理具有相关性。当龙头公司披露的 EPS达到或超过分析师预测值时,跟随公司的盈余管理程度较高。当龙头公司披露的EPS没有达到分析师的预测值时,跟随公司的盈余管理程度相对较低,跟随公司不太可能调高盈余信息。这是因为:龙头公司报告的盈余信息会影响投资者及其他利益相关者对公司业绩表现的心理预期,行业龙头企业为行业本年度的业绩表现“定了调子”,跟随公司会参照行业龙头公司的业绩表现进行盈余管理。%By taking the date of Shanghai and Shenzhen A‐share listed companies during 2011-2013 as the ex‐ample ,in this empirical study ,we found that the leader whether meets analyst’ forecasts or not will affect the earnings management of followers .When the leader meets analysts’ expectations ,followers have a high degree of earnings management .When the leader misses analysts’ expectations ,followers have a low degree of earn‐ings management ,followers are less likely to manage earnings upward .This is because :Earnings news of the leader will affect investors’ and others’ performance expectations for their firms ,leaders“set the tone”for the industry ,so they would depend on the leader firm to manage the earnings .
摘要:开发性金融是介于政策性金融与商业性金融之间的重要金融形式,可以有效地促进经济增长。文章实证分析了开发性金融对我国经济增长影响的传导机制及区域差异,结果表明:我国开发性金融主要是通过拉动消费和投资促进经济增长,并且对消费的拉动作用要大于对投资的拉动作用;同时,开发性金融可以有效地促进区域经济增长,其中对东部地区经济增长的促进效果最大,对中部次之,对西部最小,但从长期看,开发性金融对区域经济增长的促进作用差异会缩小。%Development finance is an important financial form between policy finance and commercial finance , and can promote economic growth effectively .This paper empirically analyzes the impact mechanisms and re‐gional differences of development finance on China’s economic growth .The results showed that development finance mainly adopts pulling consumption and investment to promote economic grow th ,and stimulating effect on consumption is greater than the stimulating effect on investment .Meanwhile ,development finance can ef‐fectively promote regional economic grow th ,w here the effect of promoting economic grow th is largest for the eastern region ,followed by the central region ,and it is the minimum for the western region ,but in the long run ,the differences of development finance promoting regional economic growth would get shrink .
摘要:Grass‐root social governance is a concrete reflection of effectively combining Wang Shouren ’s mind philosophy and social governance .In the long‐term political practice ,Wang and his pupils built grass‐root so‐cial governance system ,w hich ,based on and guided by mind theory ,includes such main forms as village regu‐lations ,family rules and lectures .The fundamental purpose of the system is to maintain the Confucian morality and orderly operation of the grass‐root community .And people from different social stratums can participate in local governance system so as to achieve the effective integration of mind theory and social governance .T here‐fore ,it is argued ,from the perspective of cultural heritage ,that the theory and practice of traditional Chinese national governance should be inherited and absorbed in order to construct modern governance system in China .%基层社会治理是王守仁心学理论与社会治理有效结合的具体体现。王守仁及其弟子在长期的政治实践中,构建起以心学理论为指导,以乡约、族规、讲学为主要形式,以维系儒家道德观念和基层社会有序运转为根本目的,社会各阶层成员共同参与的基层社会治理体系,从而实现了心学理论与社会治理的有效结合。在构建国家现代化治理体系的时代背景下,指出当代国家治理体系建设应重视继承和吸收中国传统国家治理的理论成果和实践经验。
摘要:基于资源依赖理论,从董事会社会资本和董事会人力资本两方面探讨董事会资本对企业绩效的影响。文章以2013年沪深300指数内的上市公司为研究样本,建立多元回归分析模型,进行实证分析。研究结果表明:董事会社会资本与董事会人力资本对企业绩效的影响是相同的。董事声誉即连锁董事比例、银行从业人员比例、政治关联以及女性董事比例等都有效地促进企业绩效的提升。%Based on the resource dependence theory ,here we discussed the influence of board capital on the per‐formance of enterprise in terms of social capital and human capital of the board of director .Taking the data in CSI300 of share A about listed companies in 2013 as the sample ,this paper established multiple regression anal‐ysis model .The results showed that the impact of social and human capital of board of director on enterprise performance is the same .The reputation of directors (interlock director) ,proportion of bank employees ,polit‐ical connection ,as well as proportion of woman director ,effectively improved the enterprise performance .
摘要:Based on social information processing theory and affective events theory ,this paperanalyzes the effect of organizational climate on employee’s workplace behavior ,and the mediating role of work alienation .The re‐sults of statistical analysis from 448 employees show that instrumentalism oriented ethical climate has a signifi‐cant positive impact on employee’s work alienation and workplace deviance ,and negative impact on organiza‐tional citizenship behavior ;caring oriented and rule oriented ethical climate has a significant negative impact on employee’s work alienation and workplace deviance ,and positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior . And the results show thatwork alienation plays a partial mediating effect in the impact of instrumentalism orien‐ted ethical climate on workplace deviance ,and a total mediating effect on organizational citizenship behavior ;it plays a total mediating effect in the impact of caring oriented and rule oriented ethical climate on workplace de‐viance ,and partial mediating effect on organizational citizenship behavior .%文章依据以社会信息加工理论和情绪事件理论为基础,探讨组织伦理气候对员工工作场所行为的影响,并检验了工作疏离感的中介作用。对448个员工样本的调查问卷进行统计分析,结果表明:自利导向伦理气候对员工的工作疏离感和工作偏离行为具有显著的正向影响,对组织公民行为具有显著的负向影响;关怀导向和规则导向伦理气候对员工的工作疏离感和工作偏离行为具有显著的负向影响,对组织公民行为具有显著的正向影响;工作疏离感在自利导向伦理气候对工作偏离行为的影响中具有部分中介效应,对组织公民行为的影响中具有完全中介效应;在关怀导向伦理气候与规则导向伦理气候对工作偏离行为的影响中具有完全中介效应,对组织公民行为的影响中具有部分中介效应。
摘要:为了探讨城市扩张、城镇化增速和经济增长三者间的作用与影响,文章选取1984~2013年的时间序列数据,利用协整检验、格兰杰因果检验和误差修正模型等方法,对它们之间的关系进行了动态分析。结果表明,我国城镇化发展速度没有明显滞后于经济增长的速度;城市扩张、城镇化增速与经济增长之间存在长期稳定的协整关系,但格兰杰因果关系在不同变量间存在差异。这说明我国土地利用效率不高,方式不合理,城镇化的规模效应、辐射效应、创新溢出效应等没能充分发挥作用。因此,有必要深化体制改革,推动“人的城镇化”的发展,加强城市土地的集约利用效率,促进产城融合,以实现我国经济的可持续发展。%To identify the relationship among urban expansion ,urbanization and economic growth ,the paper makes a dynamic analysis by selecting time series data from 1984 to 2013 in China and using the methods of ADF test ,Granger causality test and error correction model .It was found that the speed of urbanization does not significantly lag behind the speed of economic grow th ;there is a long term stable co‐integration relationship among urban expansion ,urbanization and economic grow th .But there are differences among different indexes in Grainger Granger causality test indicating some low efficiency of land utilization ,unreasonable methods ,in‐effective use ofscale effect ,radiation effect ;and innovation spillover effect of urbanization .T herefore ,it is nec‐essary to deepen system reform and promote the development of human urbanization ,strengthen theintensive utilization efficiency of city land and acceleratethe integrationofindustry and city development ,so as toachieve sustainable development of China’s economy .
摘要:实证研究表明,环境民事公益诉讼“三要件”作为此类案件裁判的核心,在运行中存在提起诉讼主体认识不一,行为要件呈现单一性与事实化倾向,损害环境公益要件虚置,潜在环境公益损害预防性保护未能得到重视。究其原因,内置于民诉法中的公益诉讼,无形中受到民法(含侵权法)及传统民事诉讼理念及规则侵蚀。秉持环境保护理念,在立法上赋予有较强诉讼实施能力主体诉讼资格,拓展行为要件类型,扩大诉讼受案范围,标识环境公益识别标准,明确潜在环境损害危险获致(事前)预防性保护,实现预防和补救相结合的环境保护,是环境民事公益诉讼立法应有之义。%T he empirical research show s that the “three constituent” of civil environment public litigation has some problems such as the different subjects of public litigation ,the simplicity and the tendency to facts about the action condition ,the non‐performance about the documents of public interest environment litigation ,the little attention on the preventive conservation of the potential damage of public environmental welfare .The rea‐son the public interest litigation w hich is built‐in civil litigation has suffered destructions from civil law (inclu‐ding tort law ) ,traditional civil lawsuit idea and rules .There are something inherent in civil environment public litigation which we should uphold environmental protection concepts ,and give legal qualifications to someone w ho has strong implementation ability in litigation ,to expand the type of behavior factors ,to expand the scope of accepting cases of litigation ,to indentify identification standard of public environmental welfare ,to identify the preventive protection from potential environmental damage risk and to combine the prevention and remedy of environmental protection .
摘要:大数据环境中,非物质文化遗产(以下简称“非遗”)的数据信息建设是以“非遗”信息的数字档案建设为前提的数据信息建设。建设的核心问题是关注数据之间的关系体系及数据的批量化建设,而非案例的抽样建设。其归纳方法可以按照不同的研究性质进行划分,如定性研究、定量研究。同时,“非遗”的数据信息建设,要以其知识关系体系与实体关系体系中的信息资源描述分析为基础,并通过元数据模型的建构来实现。通过对“非遗”的数据信息语义关系结构分析认为,“非遗”的数据信息关系是知识与实体资源的逻辑性集合。其元数据语义描述要以DC元数据为基础,结合VRA Core元数据、CDWA元数据、MARC元数据描述方法实现。%In big data era ,the construction of digital archives information of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) , is the premise of digital information construction .The core of construction is the relationship between the data and the data of mass construction ,rather than the case of construction of sampling .T he inductive methods can be divided according to different research properties ,such as qualitative research ,quantitative research .At the same time ,the ICH data information construction is based on information resource description analysis of its knowledge system and entity relationship system achieved by the construction of meta -data model .The paper comes to the conclusion that the relationship between the data and information of ICH is the integration of knowledge and the set of logical entity resource by the analysis of the semantic relation structure of ICH data information .Its meta data semantic description is based on the DC meta data ,in combination with VRA Core meta data ,CDWA meta data and MARC meta data description method .
摘要:Using the framework of ‘Equity structure—Board characteristics—Firm performance’ ,we empirical‐ly investigates how equity structure affects firm performance by determining board characteristics with a data set including 1272 firmslis ted in both Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2001 to 2010 .We adopt both fixed effect regressions and 3SLS in a system of equations to addressendogeneity in the econometrics analy‐sis .We find when investigating the relationship between equity structure and board characteristics that the rati‐o of state-ow ned shares has a negative effect on both board scale and the number of board committees ,but has a positive effect on both the proportion of independent directors in board and CEO duality .Ow nership concen‐tration ,however ,exerts a negative impact on both the proportion of independent directors in board and CEO duality .As to the association between board characteristics and firm performance ,we observe that firm per‐formance is positively correlated with board scale ,the number of board committees and CEO duality ,but is negatively associated with the proportion of independent directors in board .%文章依据“股权结构———董事会特征———公司绩效”分析框架,选取2001~2010年沪深两市1272家上市公司为样本,运用面板数据联立方程模型控制内生性,实证研究股权结构如何通过决定董事会特征进而影响公司绩效。结果表明:在股权结构与董事会特征关系上,董事会规模与股权集中度不显著负相关,与国有股比例显著负相关;董事会中独立董事比例与股权集中度显著负相关,但与国有股比例显著正相关;两职合一的可能性与股权集中度显著负相关,但与国有股比例显著正相关;董事会专门委员会数目与股权集中度不相关,但与国有股比例显著负相关。而在董事会特征与公司绩效关系上,公司绩效与董事会规模之间显著正相关;公司绩效与董事会专门委员会数目也显著正相关;但是公司绩效与独立董事比例显著负相关,与两职合一显著正相关。
摘要:Based on 31 provinces’ statistical data in China during 1990 to 2011 ,this paper constructs a linear panel data model to analyze the influences of economic grow th on residents ’ disposable income and the income of different sources .The study finds that both in the national and in the eastern and middle western regions , there exists the heterogeneity of economic growthinfluences on residents’ income .The economic growth has greater promotion on rural residents’ salary income ,property income and transfer income than on the urban residents .And the promotion of the economic growth on rural residents’ business income and disposable in‐come is smaller than the urban residents .The income gap between urban and rural residents is increasingly big‐ger ,w hich is caused by the fact that there is an obvious discrepancy in the income structure of rural residents and urban residents .%文章基于我国31个省直辖市自治区1990~2011年数据构建面板数据线性模型,分析经济增长对居民可支配收入以及不同来源收入的影响,研究发现,不论是全国还是东中西部地区,经济增长对居民收入的影响均存在异质性,即经济增长对农村居民的工资性收入、财产性收入和转移性收入的促进作用大于城镇居民,而对农村居民经营性收入和可支配收入的促进作用却小于城镇居民,城乡收入差距不断扩大。造成这种结果的原因是农村居民和城镇居民的收入结构存在明显差异。
摘要:It is the preferred method to deal with the insurance dispute through international ADR and a special body .Specialty calls for the targeted settlement mechanism of the insurance dispute .There is enlightenment through study of the practice and theory among countries of Civil Law and Common Law .It is useful for pro‐tecting the interest of insurance consumer and the development of insurance industry by system of ADR .%以“替代性纠纷解决方式”且通过专门的争议解决机构处理保险争议是国际上化解保险活动当事人之间矛盾和管控保险纠纷的优选方法。保险消费纠纷的专业性呼唤针对性的解决机制。两大法系国家保险消费纠纷解决机制的探索,对我国保险消费争议处理机制的建立具有借鉴价值。考虑保险消费纠纷的特性,结合现行法律框架下的程序机制,探索整合性、独立、专业化和权威的替代性纠纷解决途径,建立保险消费纠纷解决专门法,保护保险消费者的权益,促进保险业的健康发展。
摘要:Nanotechnology has been widely used in daily consumer goods and medicine service fields ,but nanop‐articles have potential hazards to human health and the environment .China has achieved remarkable results in some fields ,but regulators and enterprises should learn from the advanced measures ,strengthen the nanotech risk supervision ,implement nanotech certification system and information disclosure system ,develop nanotech science popularization activity ,and improve risks legal governance mechanism to protect consumer ’ s health right ,right to know ,right of choice and privacy right ,etc .%纳米技术广泛应用于日常消费品及医疗技术服务等领域,但纳米材料对于人体健康和环境具有不可忽视的潜在危害。我国在纳米技术标准、纳米产品认证等方面取得了一定成效,但监管部门和纳米制售企业还应借鉴美国、欧盟等国的先进经验,加强纳米技术风险监测,推行纳米产品标识和安全信息披露制度,开展纳米科普活动,提高纳米消费者的认知水平,健全法律治理机制,切实维护消费者的健康权、知情权、选择权和隐私权等合法权益。
摘要:The relationship between text and reader is the centre of the process of interpretation .The text -cen‐tered interpretation treats text as a tool in pursuing objective knowledge ,and as a result ,reader’s historicity is denied .The reader -centered interpretation ,going after some “better understanding” than the writer’s ,af‐firms reader’s position but rejects text .These two ways will not lead to the truth of understanding as both are based upon the dichotomy of subject and object .This paper is aimed at the examination of intersubjective rela‐tionship between text and reader ,with Gadamer’s theory of effective history as the foundation ,and temporal distance and fusion of horizon which stem from that theory as major framework .This intersubjective relation‐ship is not only a prerequisite of arriving at the truth of understanding but also an effective approach to solve the crisis of modern spiritual science .%文本与读者之间的关联构成诠释的核心。以文本为中心的诠释过程从对客观知识的追求出发,将文本视为工具的同时排除了读者的历史性,以读者为中心的诠释过程则完全从读者自身出发理解文本以追求比作者还要“更好的理解”,在肯定读者自身的同时排斥了文本,这两种建立在主—客二分基础上的诠释都难以达致理解的真理。文章以伽达默尔的效果历史理论为底基、以构建于其上的时间距离与视域融合为框架,审视文本与读者的交互主体关系的形成。这种交互主体关系不但是达致理解的真理的前提条件,也是解决当代精神科学危机的有效尝试。
摘要:This article studies the investment efficiency of the listed companies with different control power background based on the panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2004 to 2012 ,employing stochastic fron‐tier model and starting from the internal and external channels of influencing financing constraints .The study found that the investment efficiency of the non‐state is 2 .11% higher than that of the state -ow ned from the perspective of financing constraints ,which was mainly caused by the weaker internal financing ability of the state-ow ned .T he investment efficiency of Chinese listed companies has obviously industry characteristics and time trajectory .The annual average investment efficiency of real estate industry is significantly higher than that of the other industries .The trend of the industry investment efficiency from 2007 to 2009 obviously shows V curve ,with the bottom of V curve in 2008 .%文章基于2004~2012年中国上市公司的面板数据,采用随机边界模型,从影响融资约束的内外部渠道出发,研究了不同控制背景下的上市公司投资效率。研究发现:从融资约束角度看,非国有控制公司比国有控制公司的投资效率高2.11%。国有控制公司较弱的内部融资能力是其投资效率低于非国有控制公司的主要原因。我国上市公司投资效率表现出明显的行业特征和时间轨迹,房地产行业的年度平均投资效率明显高于其他行业。其中,2007~2009年各行业投资效率呈现明显的“V”字趋势,尤以2008年为历年的最低值。
摘要:文章首先将我国政府支出分成经济建设类支出、社会性支出与一般性支出三类,并引入消费税和所得税两种税收类型,在内生增长框架下,探讨三类支出和两类税收对居民消费的影响。同时,利用我国2002~2012年的省际面板数据进行实证研究,结果发现:消费税会显著地抑制居民消费;所得税则通过减弱居民投资和储蓄倾向,有利于提高居民消费水平;政府经济建设支出和社会性支出对居民消费存在正效应,但消费税会弱化此正效应,而所得税则会放大这种正效应;一般性支出会抑制居民消费,并且消费税和所得税都会强化这种负效应。%Based on an endogenous model ,this paper divides the public expenditure into three categories :eco‐nomic construction expenditure ,social expenditure and regular expenditure ,introduces the consumption tax and income tax ,and discusses the effect of different categories and taxations on the private consumption .We use panel date from 2002 to 2012 in China to examine the relation of Chinese local public expenditure structure and taxation with local private consumption .The analysis indicates that the consumption tax can significantly inhibit the private consumption ,w hile the income tax helps to improve the consumption by reducing the invest‐ment and savings . The government economic construction expenditure and social expenditure have positive effects on private consumption ,while the consumption tax will weaken the positive effect ,and the income tax will enlarge this positive effect .The regular expenditure negatively impacts local private consumption ,but the consumption tax and income tax will strengthen the negative effects .
摘要:Based on the survey and documentary research ,the paper analyses the factors influencing farmers’ willingness of mortgage financing of land contractual management right from three aspects :farmers ,govern‐ment and financial institutions .T he research show s that risk preference ,the interest rate of loan ,land area , government support and demand for loans are all significant factors which impact the farmer’s willingness of mortgage financing of land contractual management right .Therefore ,we present some suggestions both on le‐gal and policy level .We should guide farmers’ risk preference ,properly decrease financial lending rates ,imple‐ment discriminatory loan policy and micro‐loan interest discount as well .The government should take responsi‐bility as a third party in order to improve farmers’ willingness to participate in the mortgage financing of land contractual management right .%文章在实地调研以及文献分析的基础上,从农户因素、政府因素、金融机构三方面选取影响农户土地承包经营权抵押融资意愿的因子时行实地研究。研究发现:风险偏好、金融机构的放贷利率、农户拥有的土地面积、政府是否支持及农户对贷款的需求程度,是影响农户参与土地承包经营权抵押融资意愿的主要因素。建议在法律和政策层面引导农民风险偏好观念;适当降低金融机构放贷利率,采取有差别贷款政策,实施小额信贷贴息;政府承担第三方角色,提高农户参与土地承包经营权抵押融资意愿。