安全生产基础建设继承与创新--近期几起重特大事故的反思

摘要

针对近期我国重特大生产安全事故频发、安全生产形势严峻的实际情况，分析了事故多发的特点和原因，认为我国安全生产工作中存在系统脆弱性，其中最突出的问题是基础薄弱，本质上是结构性缺陷。提出当前最紧迫的战略性任务是强化安全生产基础工作的制度化设计与安排。建议：逐渐实现安全生产执法监察“暗查”制度化；事故分级与分级标准中经济损失指标的导向性作用不容忽视；应从制度上保证事故调查客观、独立和公正；建立现代生产安全事故统计系统与指标体系；从制度上加强对企业安全生产的职工参与和社会监督；强化监察员队伍的专业化建设；安全监督应实行安全生产事故风险分级与分级管理。%In view of the actual conditions about frequent major accidents and severe situation of work safety , the reasons and characteristics of accident -prone were analyzed .It showed that system vulnerability exists in the work safety, and the weak foundation is the most prominent problem .Essentially speaking , it's a structural defect . Then, it was proposed that the most urgent strategic task is to strengthen the institutionalized design and arrange -ment for basic job of work safety .In addition , the following recommendations were put forward :The institutionali-zation of 'unannounced investigation 'on the work safety supervision should be gradually achieved; The guidance role of economic loss index should not be ignored in the accident classification and grading standards ; The objec-tive, independent and impartial accident investigation should be ensured based on institution ;The advanced statis-tical system and indicator system for work safety accidents should be established; The employee participation and social supervision in enterprise work safety should be strengthened based on institution ;The specialization construc-tion of inspector teams should be enhanced;And the risk classification and grading management of accidents should be implemented in work safety supervision .