负性情绪记忆有意遗忘的脑机制

摘要

Negative emotional memory was mostly painful memory,so whether or not a person can rid himself of such memory intentionally will directly affect his living.The essence of negative emotional memory intentional forgetting was an active suppression of the negative emotional memory.Both researches in directed forgetting and suppressed forgetting have found that negative emotion affects memory inhibiting,yet we couldn’t say for sure whether this kind of inhibition is conducive or harmful,for the two conclusions can find support from brain mechanism study.Future research remains to be done in comparative studies of intentional forgetting in negative emotional pictures and negative emotional words,and retrieval stage ERP study of negative emotional memory intentional forgetting and comparative study of directed forgetting and suppressed forgetting.%负性情绪性记忆大多是一些给个体带来痛苦的记忆，对于这些记忆能否有意遗忘将直接影响人们的生活。负性情绪记忆有意遗忘的本质就是负性情绪记忆的主动抑制。不管是定向遗忘还是压抑遗忘研究都发现负性情绪影响记忆抑制，但是这种影响究竟是促进还是损害并没有一致的结论，并且都能获得脑机制研究结论的支持。将来应进行负性图片与负性词有意遗忘的比较研究，负性情绪记忆有意遗忘提取阶段的 ERP 研究以及定向遗忘与压抑遗忘的比较研究。