论《广韵》异读字在上古音研究中的地位——《广韵》异读字研究之一（增订本）

摘要

The polyphonic characters in Guangyun （广韵） are an important basis for confirming the variant pronunciation of polyphonic characters in Old Chinese and play a crucial role in the study of Old Chinese phonetic sounds. This paper presents the principles and methods of how to confirm the variant pronunciation of polyphonic characters in Old Chinese phonetic system. It is held that the variant pronunciation of polyphonic characters in Guangyun （广韵）, a Chinese rime dictionary that reflected the phonological content, sound features and phonetic laws of Old Chinese, should be traced to the source of Old Chinese phonetic sounds. Whereas, the variant pronunciation of polyphonic Chinese Characters which emerged from the middle ages to the Song Dynasty should not be regarded as the basis tracing to the source of Old Chinese phonetic sounds.%《广韵》异读字是确定上古异读字的重要依据,在上古音研究中占有重要的地位。文章论证了依据《广韵》异读字确定上古异读字收字的原则、制约上古异读字收字方案的因素和确定上古异读的方法。认为那些体现上古音的音韵内容、音类特征和语音规律的《广韵》异读,应该推源到上古,并确定其上古音韵地位;《广韵》中还有一批中古时期乃至宋代新产生的异读,不反映上古音的音韵内容和音类特征,不能作为上推上古音的依据。