杜威职业教育思想探析

摘要

杜威出于培养民主主义社会公民、打破社会阶层的分立状态以及缓解当时职业教育所面临的社会危机这三个需要，提出了他的职业教育思想。该思想的主要内容包括：对职业教育进行“新”阐释，试图消除人们对职业的偏见；每个人都应该从事合乎自身天赋才能、兴趣的工作；职业教育的过程应靠学生进行主动的作业，从“做中学”等等。职业教育应与普通教育相结合、注重“做中学”、坚持终身教育的理念，这三方面是杜威职业教育思想带给我们的应有启示。%In order to develop social citizens with democratic consciousness, change people’s cognition, break the discrete state of social class and then ease the social crisis that vocational education faced at that time, Dewey put forward the idea of vocational education, which mainly includes: carrying out the “new” explanation of the vocational education and trying to eliminate the people’s prejudice to vocation; everyone should be engaged in the work according to their own talent and interest; vocational education should rely on students’ active learning from the process of doing. Therefore, vocational education should be combined with general education, emphasize learning from the process of doing, and carry out vocational education indirectly, and insist on the idea of life-long education. These aspects of Dewey’s thought on vocational education give us the enlightenment.