伽达默尔的视域融合和中国哲学的经典诠释

摘要

The“fusion of horizon”is achieved when the readers immerse themselves in the text. If readers interpret the text with their own concepts, the interpretation of them is not from “fusion of horizon”. Therefore, exegetical, textual interpretation of the text is the precondition to achieve the“fusion of horizon”. Gadamer encourages diversity and creativity of textual interpretation, but if the“fusion”is misunderstood for readers to consciously transform text with their own ideas as reasonable behavior, they will gravely do harm to Chinese philosophy. The limitation of the “fusion of horizon” is that the difference between the original intent of the text and the interpretation from“fusion of horizon”is not considered. Thus, if the classics of Chinese philosophy is interpreted as their original meaning, it will do harm to the seriousness and authenticity of modern academy.%“视域融合”不是读者有意识地用自己的观念解释文本，只有读者沉浸于文本所开启的境域中，达到与文本不分彼此的状态才能实现“视域融合”。所以，在中国哲学的经典诠释过程中，训诂、考据以解读文本原意是实现视域融合的先决条件。伽达默尔鼓励文本解释的多元性和创造性，但如果将“视域融合”误解为读者有意识地用自己的观念改造文本的活动，就会将一切随意解释经典的行为看作正当的，这必然严重危害中国哲学的发展。“视域融合”本身的局限是没有考虑视域融合的结果与文本原意之间的差异问题。如果将中国哲学的经典诠释当做经典的原意，将损害现代学术的严肃性和求真精神。