进退维谷的现代性：理性同主体性的双重困境--现代性与后现代性颉颃关系之反思

摘要

The contradiction in modernity turns out a fierce confrontation between modernity and postmodernity due to conflicts between rationality and subjectivity, which leads to collapse of order in modernity, failure of critical principles of postmodernity, anomie of rationality and the fence attitude of subjectivity. The basic reason involves antinomy when rationality and subjectivity construct modernity and postmodernity. Thus, the reflection on contradiction between modernity and postmodernity discloses th double paradox between rationality and subjectivity. The process to close the rift between rationality and subjectivity is an effective way to reconstruct modernity.%将现代性的达成等价于科学理性的实现，并置于后现代的天平上予以衡量，其成就必然随主体性砝码的减少而式微。与之相应，当理性与主体性互相抵牾，现代性自身的矛盾就衍化为现代性与后现代性之间的激烈对峙。其后果有二：首先是现代性秩序的瓦解与后现代批判标准的失范，其次是理性准则的去合法化与主体面对多元价值时的骑墙态度。它们扞格不入的原因，根源于理性与主体性在分别构建现代性与后现代性时所形成的二律背反。鉴于此，对现代性与后现代性矛盾的反思，就是对理性与主体性双重悖论的揭露。而弥合理性与主体性间裂痕的过程，又是重建现代性的必经之路。