道德心理学进路的康德道德动机结构澄清

摘要

休谟提出驱动人类行为的根本力量是情感或欲望。康德接受休谟在动机问题上的内在主义进路，但反对休谟在这一问题上的看法，认为可以通过从“欲求能力”到“道德关切”推出“理性单独可以作为行动的动机”。不过，出于人的完善性和行动完整性的要求，康德并没有拒斥义务论对后果的需要，动机和后果以一种更深刻的内在逻辑在康德义务论中得到了合理的安置。%Hume put forward what motivates human behavior is the emotion or desire.Kant accepted the internalism but disagreed with Hume’s view on it,he thought it could be deduced from the desirable ability to the moral concern that rationality could serve as the motivation alone. However, Kant didn ’t reject deontological need for consequences due to the demand for the integrity of human and action,therefore,the motivation and consequence got their reasonable places in his whole deontology in the way of more profound internal logic.