话语需要空白

     

摘要

The many“Turns”in cultural studies generate discomfort in the dominance of discourse-theoretical ap-proaches as an explicit reaction to the“linguistic turn”. The need for alternative, or at least supplements, has also shown its effect in linguistics. In the 1970s, Wolfgang Iser’s theory of“Gaps”, which derived from the notion of“Uncertainties”, already covered this need in a wider range, and its effectiveness went far beyond the text philology. This article sets out to analyze two central topoi of the western reception history:the myth of Pygmalion for the painting history and the myth of Orpheus for the history of music, and then shows that the concept of“Gaps”deserves studying for media researchers. It is concluded with the question of when a supplement can be sensibly meaningful to the discourse paradigm and of what supple-ments can create helpful channels to increase the need for intercultural understanding.%近年来许多文化学上所宣称的“转向”作为对“语言学转向的”明确反应在传统话语理论的一统天下中引起了相当的不适。对于其他可能性的需求,至少是对之前理论的补充的需求在语言学上也产生了明显的影响。上个世纪70年代沃尔夫冈•伊瑟尔经由文本中的“不确定处”进而形成的文本“空白”理论就已经考虑到了这种对于更宽泛的范畴的需求,而且其影响早已远远超出语文学的领地。本文以皮格马利翁和俄耳普斯这两个西方文化中影响最深远的经典话语项为例,分析阐明媒体文化和媒体科学对于留白方法的开发潜力究竟在何处,以期对当今人们对于话语关系理论予以补充的意义问题得出一个结论:即对话语关系理论的补充在什么情况下是有意义的,着眼于不断增加的跨文化理解的需求又是什么样的补充才能开启有益的通道。

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