基于质量安全的我国罗非鱼生产经营模式调研与述评

摘要

罗非鱼是我国水产业中最具国际竞争实力的品种，近年受出口贸易竞争和链球菌病的影响，罗非鱼质量安全容易被忽视，产业可持续发展不容乐观。本文调研并综述了海南省、广东省、广西壮族自治区、云南省和北京市五个地区内调研涉及的罗非鱼典型生产经营模式，分析了各模式下养殖产品质量安全现状及产生问题的原因。针对问题，提出了建立优质优价的市场机制、开拓国内市场减少出口依赖、推广生态健康的养殖模式、利用产业技术体系平台推动产业链资源整合、开展一体化的经济模式标准化生产、发挥行业管理协会应有作用等建议，提高产品质量，促进产业健康可持续发展。%Tilapia is the most competitive species in Chinese aquaculture, but the quality and safety of the tilapia is easily ignored, because of the outbreaks of streptococcicosis and the export trade competition, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of industry. This paper summarized the typical production and operation modes of tilapia in Hainan province, Guangdong province, the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, Yunnan province and Beijing city, analyzed the status of aquaculture products quality and safety of each mode and the cause of the problem. Focused on the problems, this paper proposed that the sustainable development of tilapia industry should be promoted through putting forward the market mechanism to establish the high quality, opening up the domestic market to reduce reliance on exports, promoting ecological healthy culture model, using the platform of modern agricultural industry technology system to promote resource integration of industrial chain, carrying out the standardized production and enhancing the industry management association.