不同养殖模式下雌核发育彭泽鲫雌雄鱼性别分化相关基因的表达差异

摘要

将同一批经雌核发育产生的F1彭泽鲫(Carassius auratus var. pengze)仔鱼(Pcc)分别置于实验室和池塘进行养殖,结果发现,与池塘养殖雄鱼比例极少相比,实验室养殖中出现了高比例的雄鱼。实验室养殖 PccF1雄雌比例为(43.6±3.0)%,而池塘养殖PccF1雌雄比为(4.7±1.2)%。本研究比较了不同养殖模式下雌雄鱼性腺分化相关基因的表达,结果发现除Pcc-vasa、Pcc-esr1和Pcc-esr2b外,实验室养殖PccF1精巢中性腺分化、受体、类固醇合成酶类基因表达极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)高于卵巢中对应基因的表达量。对于池塘养殖的 PccF1,除 Pcc-amh、Pcc-dmrt1b、Pcc-dmrt1c、Pcc-foxl2、Pcc-vasa 和 Pcc-esr2b 外,精巢中性腺分化和受体基因表达极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)高于卵巢中对应基因的表达量；但精巢中绝大部分类固醇合成酶类基因的表达量极显著低于卵巢(P<0.01)。实验室和池塘养殖 PccF1雌雄出现差异表达的基因主要是类固醇合成酶类及调控芳香化酶的转录因子,这些基因的差异表达可能与雌雄激素的合成或调控相关,从而导致不同养殖模式出现不同比例的雄鱼。%Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. pengze, Pcc) is naturally gynogenic, and gynogenic Pcc pro-duced by artificial breeding can theoretically produce solely female offspring. In laboratory culture, a higher proportion of male fish occurred in F1 progenies compared with pond culture conditions. A higher proportion of males was found in the F1 progeny under laboratory culture (43.6%) compared with pond (4.7%) conditions. To determine the cause of this variant sex ratio, ovarian gene expression profiles were detected and compared between the male and female F1 progenies for different culture conditions. Results showed that expressions of most testicular sex differentiation-related, steroid receptor, and steroidogenic genes in PccF1 offspring were significantly higher than those in ovaries under labo-ratory culture conditions, except for Pcc-vasa, Pcc-esr1, and Pcc-esr2b. With respect to pond culture conditions, ex-pressions of most testicular sex differentiation-related and steroid receptor genes in PccF1 offspring were significantly higher than those in ovaries, except for Pcc-amh, Pcc-dmrt1b, Pcc-dmrt1c, Pcc-foxl2, Pcc-vasa, and Pcc-esr2b. Amounts of the steroidogenic genes had reversed expression patterns (male