The two element structure of urban and rural education causes a lot of problems in the process of its diges-tion. Therefore,our country puts forward the development of the concept of integration of urban and rural education. The integration of urban and rural education has some similar concepts,such as the two element structure of urban and rural e-ducation, the balanced development of urban and rural education, unified urban and rural education, etc. These concepts are used in different dimensions and levels. Their problems and connotation are different. From the view of the relationship between them,the integration of urban and rural education doesn’t point to the two element structure of urban and rural education directly,but the problems in the process of its digestion. From the view of connotation,the integration of urban and rural education has more rich meanings, comparing to balanced development of education in urban and rural areas. From the view of methodology,unified urban and rural education is the basic method to deal with the relationship between urban and rural education,of course including the integration of urban and rural education.%城乡教育一体化是当前我国处理城乡教育关系的最新发展理念及政策表述。与城乡教育一体化相关、相近的诸多概念是在不同维度和层面使用的，问题指向与内涵并不相同。从与城乡教育二元结构、城乡教育均衡发展、城乡教育统筹等相关概念的关系来看，城乡教育一体化是城乡教育二元结构消解过程中衍生问题的全面消解；从内涵上来看，城乡教育一体化比城乡教育均衡发展的内涵更丰富，从城乡教育均衡到城乡教育一体化是发展理念的变革；从方法论上来看，城乡教育统筹是处理城乡教育关系的基本方法，当前以一体化为取向的城乡教育统筹包括对教育目标、教育对象、教育资源的统筹等几个方面。
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