基于组合滤波的低成本飞行器姿态解算算法

摘要

In the low-cost aircraft attitude detection system,the complementary filter was widely used because of simple principle and low computational complexity.Aiming at the problem that the accelerometer can not distinguish between the acceleration of gravity and motion may cause attitude calculation error by complementary filtering,an attitude calculation algorithm of complementary and adaptive limited falter was proposed for low cost aircraft,and the design method of adaptive limited filter gate valve was given.The angular velocity output by a gyroscope and the acceleration output by an accelerometer were fused to obtain the gate valve of the limited filter,and then the normalized output increment of the accelerometer by limiting filter replaced the accelerometer input of the original complementary filter.The accuracy of attitude determination under uniform motion was improved.The actual system test shows that the proposed algorithm has high accuracy and low cost,and is easy to be realized in low cost aircraft control system.%在低成本的飞行器姿态检测系统中,互补滤波器由于原理简单、计算量小,而被广泛应用.针对低成本飞行器在非匀速运动时因为加速度计不能区分重力加速度与运动加速度引起基于互补滤波的姿态解算误差较大的问题,提出了一种互补与自适应限幅组合滤波的姿态解算算法,并给出了自适应限幅滤波门阀的设计方法.通过融合陀螺仪输出的角速度与加速度计输出的加速度获取限幅滤波的限幅阀值;然后将归一化的加速度计输出增量通过限幅滤波的结果代替原互补滤波的加速度计输入,提高非匀速运动下姿态解算精度.经实际系统实时性能测试表明,所提算法估计精度高、计算量小,易于在低成本飞行器控制系统中实现.