交会对接航天员训练电视图像实时高动态范围渲染

摘要

应用基于人眼视觉系统的高动态范围实时渲染技术处理交会对接仿真场景，可以为航天员手控交会对接训练提供高逼真度的电视图像。文中结合交会对接电视图像的特点，分析了交会对接航天员训练电视图像高动态范围实时渲染的关键技术；根据两航天器相对距离，将交会对接过程分为远、中和近3个距离段，采用S-curve算法、自适应对数算法和 Reinhard算法分别对每个距离段进行调和映射处理；改进了自适应对数算法和 Reinhard算法，并基于 GPU处理技术实现仿真电视图像的实时显示。实验结果表明，采用基于距离变化调整调和映射算法的方法处理交会对接仿真电视图像可以高逼真地模拟实录视频场景，为航天员手控交会对接训练提供了视景支持。%Real-time human visual system (HVS)-based high dynamic range (HDR) rendering technology pro-vides high fidelity, and therefore can be used in the simulated TV-graphics for the astronaut rendezvous and docking (RVD) training. In this paper, first, according to the characteristics of the real video recorded from outer space in RVD mission, we analyzed key HDR rendering techniques used in the simulated RVD scene for real-time astronaut’s training. Then, based on the distance between two spacecraft, we employed three tone map-ping operators (TMO), the S-curve algorithm, the adaptive logarithmic algorithm and the Reinhard algorithm to reproduce the tone of the RVD scene at the far distance, the middle distance and the near distance respectively. To ensure the real-time computation, we improved the adaptive logarithmic algorithm and the Reinhard algorithm, and accelerated them by GPUs. By comparing the simulated RVD scene with the real video recorded from outer space in RVD mission, our distance-based method has a high fidelity, and supports the astronaut RVD training.