基于微波辅助萃取研究准东煤的特征分子结构

摘要

采用微波辅助加热，对新疆准东煤进行N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)萃取，同时分别利用甲醇、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷有机溶剂对萃取物进行溶解；对溶解物以及固体残留物采用气相色谱/质谱联用仪器(GC/MS)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)进行分析。研究发现，基于 NMP 微波萃取的甲醇/四氢呋喃/二氯甲烷溶解方法，比单独使用低沸点溶剂萃取效果更好；通过比较发现，3种低沸点有机溶剂对 NMP 萃取物表现出不同的溶解特性；在煤的萃取溶解物中检测到大量含氮化合物以及9种含硫化合物、4种含氯化合物和2种含溴化合物。%Zhundong coal from Xinjiang province was extracted with N-methyl pyrrolidone(NMP)by microwave-assisted heating,and the extract was dissolved with methanol,tetrahydrofuran and dichloromethane,respectively. The solutes and residues were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS)and Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR)respectively. The results show that the extraction with NMP is more efficient than that using methanol/tetrahydrofuran/dichloromethane alone. The three solvents with low boiling point have different dissolution characteristics for the NMP extract. Meanwhile,a large number of nitrogen-containing compounds,nine,sulfur-containing compounds,four,chlorine-containing compounds and two,bromine-containing compounds were detected in the solutes.