羊肚菌固态发酵玉米蛋白粉的研究

摘要

This experiment determined the medium formulation and cultural condition of solid-state fermentation of zein using morchella esculenta with corn protein powders as the main materials,in which morchella esculenta was implemented with solid fermental cultivation.The results showed that the optimum medium formulation was:30 g corn protein powders,21％ glucose,0.15％ MgSO4 · 7H2O,0.15％ KH2PO4,65％ H2O;the optimum cultural condition was:14％ Morchella inoculum size,cultural temperature 25 ℃,initial pH 6,fermentation for 20 d.The ratio of protein transformation and mycelium biomass were 22.36％,0.136 9 g/g under the above conditions,respectively.The amino acid analysis of corn protein powders before and after fermentation showed that the content of hydrophilic amino acids was increased by 12.75％ compared to corn protein powders before fermentation.The scanning election microscope analysis of corn protein powders before and after fermentation showed that the tight structure of proteins was opened,surface areas were increased,convexo-concave degree was grown on,and holes were more apparent after fermentation.%以玉米蛋白粉为主要原料,采用羊肚菌对其进行固态发酵培养,确定羊肚菌固态发酵玉米蛋白粉的培养基配方以及培养条件.结果表明:羊肚菌固态发酵玉米蛋白粉最适培养基配方为玉米蛋白粉30 g、葡萄糖2.5％、MgSO4·7H20 0.15％、KH2PO40.25％、含水量65％;最佳培养条件为接种量14％、培养温度25℃、初始pH 6、发酵时间20 d.此条件下,得蛋白转化率为22.36％,菌丝体生物量为0.136 9 g/g.对发酵前后玉米蛋白粉进行氨基酸分析,结果表明:发酵后亲水性氨基酸含量比发酵前提高12.75％.对玉米蛋白粉原料和发酵后玉米蛋白粉进行扫描电镜观察,发酵后的玉米蛋白紧密的结构被打开,表面积增加,表面凹凸加剧,孔洞更为明显.