论科学的自主性--迈向历史认识论

摘要

Influenced by the view of positivism, the process of scientific research has long been seen as seeking for the representation of nature, while the direction of this possess is determined by nature. After the impacts of social constructivism and philosophy of scientific practice, contemporary studies of historical epistemology, which are based on French epistemology, take the development of science as a relatively autonomic process of historical evolvement. The scientific evolvement depends upon the structures of agency accumulated in its history. This al⁃lows a true sense of autonomy in the process of scientific evolvement.%　　受实证主义科学观的影响，科学研究的过程一直以来被视为寻求对自然的摹写过程，这一过程的发展方向为自然本身所决定。经过社会建构主义与科学实践哲学的冲击，当代历史认识论的研究以法国认识论为基础，将科学的发展过程视为历史演化的具有相对自主性的发展模式。科学的演化主要依赖于历史积累的力量结构，这使得科学的演化具有了真正意义上的自主性。