从认知域看俄语因果复句的主观性差异

摘要

因果结构是因果关系在语言中的表达形式。在语言表达层，无论因果结构如何复杂都只存在两个现象通过语义谓词联结构成语言的基本表达模式：P→Q.раз与потомучто，它们是俄语因果构式的典型标记词。通过对语料库中“раз”句与“потомучто”句的实证考察，笔者发现它们在主、客观认知域的选择上存在对立倾向，继而运用Nuyts的主观性维度理论探讨二者之间的主观性类型差异。%The causal structure is an expressive form of causal relationship in language. In the language expression layer, no matter how complex the causal structure is, there are only two phenomena through semantic predication coupling constituting the basic expression pattern of language: P→Q. раз and потому что are two typical marker words in Russian causal structure. Through an empirical survey of“раз”and“потомучто”sentences in language database, we find that they have opposite tendencies in the choice of subjective and objective cognitive domain, and then we use the theory of subjective dimension of Nuyts to probe into the differences of subjectivity typesetween them.