邵雍“乐”的三重境界

摘要

The Chinese culture is a culture of ＂pleasure＂. Pleasure is not only an experience, but also an accomplishment that promotes cosmic changes and gives meaning to life. ＂Worldly pleasure＂, ＂moral pleasure＂ and ＂cosmic pleasure＂ are Shao Yong＇s three realms of pleasure of which the first one is a proper affirmation of the material self, the second one is a limited pursuit of the moral self and the last one is the highest realm that transcends the first two. From Shao Yong＇s three realms of ~leasure we can ~ain a ~lim~se of the kind of life that he seeks.%中国文化是“乐”的文化。“乐”不仅是一种体验，也是一种功夫，更是一种生存境界。“乐”的体验，具有人生的本体性的意义；“乐”的功夫，具有参赞天地，化育人生的意义。“人世之乐”、“名教之乐”、“观物之乐”是邵雍“乐”的三重境界。前者为其对物质自我的适度肯定，中者为其对社会自我的有限追求，后者才是超越两者的最高境界。从邵雍“乐”的三重境界，可窥视其人生的境界追求。