基于振动测试的数控机床刀具磨损监测方法

摘要

In order to pass the characteristic analysis judgment numerical control machine tool directly state of work,so as to realize the flexible manufacturing system research, in a variety of tools wear in the online monitoring method of vibration test monitoring method,the numerical control turning DL20MH center YG8 carbide cutter online monitoring,respectively in different tool wear stage real - time monitoring its wear signal,through the analysis of time domain and frequency domain analysis and the transfer function analysis method of combining the data processing,and contrast is the surface roughness of the machining and through the microscope blade changes in real time,and carry on the analysis. It is concluded that the changes and real-time tool by processing the roughness of the workpiece and consistent with the theoretical data and has a certain trend,from solid frequency domain a-nalysis data can also be intuitive judgment tool wear state,the test results and actual situation identical,testifies the conclusion of vibration test is suitable for the tool wear of on-line monitoring research.%为了通过特性分析直接判断数控机床刀具的工作状态,以实现柔性制造系统的研究,在刀具磨损的多种在线监测方法中采用振动测试的监测方法,对DL20MH数控车削中心的YG8硬质合金刀头进行在线监测,分别在不同的刀具磨损阶段实时监测其磨损信号,通过时域分析、频域分析和传递函数分析相结合的方法进行数据处理,并对照被加工工件的表面粗糙度和通过显微镜下观察刀刃的实时变化情况,对其进行分析处理,得出刀具的实时变化情况及被加工工件的粗糙度与理论数据基本吻合并呈现出一定的趋势,从实频域分析数据中也可以直观地判断刀具的磨损状态,测试结果与实际情况吻合,从而验证了振动测试是适合刀具磨损在线监测研究的.