能耗均衡的无线传感器网络多Sink节点部署优化方法

摘要

Wireless sensor network ( WSNs) with a single sink node has some disadvantages of the quickness of consuming energy on the critical path , the singleness of routing algorithm , and the invalidation of the sink node .To solve these problems , a novel multi-objective programming approach for multiple sink nodes in WSNs was developed in this paper .In our approach , multi-ple sink nodes were not only deployed ,but energy consumption was also considered as the uncertain parameters .Our multi-objec-tive model attempted to minimize the weighted distance from sensor nodes to sink nodes , at the same time to balance WSNs energy consumption through minimizing the objective of consuming energy .Considering the global evaluation of two objectives , a compro-mise programming model was formulated and solved to obtain a non-dominating compromise solution with ascent algorithm .Experi-ment results show that the proposed approach can keep both optimal deployment of multi -sink nodes and balance of energy con-sumption in WSNs , which can prolong the lifetime of the network .%针对传感器网络中单Sink节点存在近距离传感器节点过早死亡、传输路径单一、传输延迟及节点失效等问题，提出了一种综合考虑网络布局和网络能耗的多Sink节点部署优化新方法。首先，为缩短Sink节点到传感器节点的传输距离，建立了加权距离最小化模型；同时，为均衡网络能耗，建立了无线传感器网络能耗最小化模型。然后，根据所建立多Sink节点部署优化模型的特点，使用加权系数将多目标模型单目标化，并设计了上升启发式算法进行求解。实验结果表明，提出的多Sink节点部署优化方法既能保证网络布局最优，又进一步均衡了网络能量消耗，有助于延长无线传感器网络的生命周期。