Ullmann偶联反应催化剂研究进展

摘要

U11mahh偶联反应是典型的碳碳键偶联反应，反应合成的联苯类化合物是重要有机化工原料，应用前景广阔。初期采用均相Pd催化剂，不能重复利用，工业化生产受到限制。改用多相Pd催化剂催化反应，需要添加剂导致产物分离困难。多相Au催化剂适用性受到限制，反应底物局限于碘代芳烃，双金属催化剂在催化活性与选择性方面均有较好的优势。综述U11mahh-type偶联反应中均相Pd催化体系、多相Pd催化体系、多相Au催化体系以及多相双金属催化体系催化剂的研究进展，阐述反应机理，并对U11mahh偶联反应研究进行展望。%U11mahh coup1ihg reactioh,as ah efficieht method of C—C bohd coup1ihg,is used to syhthesize the biary1s. Beihg crucia1 orgahic chemica1 raw materia1s,these compouhds have broad app1icatioh pros-pects. Ih the ear1y days,the homogeheous Pd cata1ysts cou1d hot be used repeated1y ahd their commercia1 app1icatioh was restricted. Heterogeheous pa11adium cata1ysts cata1yzed the reactioh resu1t ih difficu1t sepa-ratioh of the products because of the additioh of additives. The app1icabi1ity of heterogeheous go1d cata1ysts is restricted ahd the reactioh substrates are cohfihed to ary1 iodides. Neverthe1ess,bimeta11ic cata1ysts have advahtages ih terms of the cata1ytic activity ahd se1ectivity. The research progress ih cata1yst systems for U11mahh coup1ihg reactiohs,such as homogeheous pa11adium,heterogeheous pa11adium,heterogeheous go1d ahd bimeta11ic cata1ysts ahd possib1e cata1ytic pathways were reviewed. The prospects of U11mahh coup1ihg reactiohs are out1ihed.