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上海师范大学学报（自然科学版）

上海师范大学学报（自然科学版）

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Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Natural Sciences)
本刊是上海师范大学主办的综合性学术刊物，主要刊登数学、物理学、计算机科学、化学、生物学、地理学、体育学、科学史、大中学校教育改革等基础研究和应用研究方面的学术论文。旨在反映上海师范大学最新科研成果，促进校内外、国内外学术交流，传递信息，培养人才，为我国现代化建设服务。读者对象主要为高等院校理工科教师、研究生、中学教师和国内外科技工作者。
  • 发文量：2157
  • 被引量：344
  • H指数：1
  • 开始收录时间：-
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  • 维普期刊影响因子： 0.26
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  • 国内刊号/CN：31-1416/C
    国际刊号/ISSN：1000-5137
  • 发行周期：双月刊
    邮发代号：4-655
  • 主管单位：上海市教育委员会
    主办单位：上海师范大学
上海师范大学学报（自然科学版）-联系信息
  • 主编：朱自强
  • 电话：021-64322304
  • 邮箱：xuebao@shnu.edu.cn
  • 地址：上海市桂林路100号
  • 邮编：200234
上海师范大学学报（自然科学版）-获奖情况
  • • 2009年教育部科技发展中心“中国科技论文在线优秀期刊”二等奖
  • • 2011年全国高师学报系统第二届“十佳学报”
  • • 2013年全国高师学报系统首届“高校学科建设贡献奖”
  • • 2014年首届“上海市高校特色科技期刊”
  • • 2016年第二届“上海市高校特色科技期刊”
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上海师范大学学报（自然科学版） >2023年第5期

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  • 摘要：在九段沙不同沙体和不同等级潮沟梯度下的5种主要植物群落中,在科和目层次上开展了昆虫多样性及其影响因素研究.调查区域共采集昆虫35444头,隶属于13目64科,按所含种数多少,主要的科有杆蝇科(42)、姬小蜂科(29)、金小蜂科(24)、茧蜂科(22)、姬蜂科(15)和缘腹细蜂科(12);主要的目有膜翅目(137)、双翅目(85)、鞘翅目(32)和半翅目(10).分析表明:(1)夏季昆虫的物种种数明显高于其他3个季节;(2)在上沙芦苇群落(夏季),低潮滩的昆虫个体数最多,其次是高潮滩,中潮滩的最小.低潮滩中杆长蝽科、秆蝇科、瓢虫科和蚁形甲科的个体数极明显地多于中潮滩和高潮滩;随着由低潮滩向高潮滩高程的变化,杆长蝽科和飞虱科的昆虫个体数由少变多趋势明显.中潮滩与低潮滩相比,与高潮滩的昆虫组成更相似;(3)在中沙(夏季),与芦苇群落相比,互花米草群落中昆虫个体数多,出现科数也多,互花米草群落中主要是啮虫目的种类和杆蝇科,两者占了互花米草群落昆虫总个体数的86.83％,而在芦苇群落中,以杆蝇科、蚁形甲科、瓢虫科3科为主,占芦苇群落昆虫总个体数的79％;在江亚南沙,藨草(海三棱藨草)群落中的昆虫主要是管蓟马科、叶蝉科、杆蝇科、茧蜂科和摇蚊科等5个科的昆虫,个体总数占了该类群落昆虫总个体数的96.82％,而菰群落中同样的5个科的昆虫个体数仅占菰群落昆虫总个体数的31.53％;(4)多样性指数以中生化群落最高,其次为芦苇和互花米草群落,最小为菰群落,物种丰富度则芦苇群落最高,其次为互花米草和中生化,最小为菰群落;(5)排序分析表明,植物群落中昆虫科的组成相似性反映了植物群落的演替方向,即菰群落、藨草/海三棱藨草群落的昆虫组成较相似,其次是互花米草与芦苇群落的,与中生化群落类型中的差异最大.%Investigations were made on insect diversity on order and family levels in five dominant plant communities on four shoals and different gradient tidal creeks in Jiuduansha Nature Reserve. A total of 35444 specimens were collected, belonging to 64 families and 13 orders. According to species number, the dominant families ranked as Chloropidae (42) ,Eulophidae (29) , Pteromalidae (24) ,Braconidae (22) , Ichneumonidae (15) ,Scelionidae (12) ,and the dominant orders as Hymenoptera (137) , Diptera (85) .Coleoptera (32) ,Hemiptera (10). Our analyses showed: (1) The insect species richness in summer was higher than those in other three seasons; (2) In Phragmites australis community on low tidal flat in summer,the species richness of insects was the highest,that on high tidal flat ranked the second,then that on middle tidal flat. On the low tidal flat,the individual number of Blissidae, Chloropidae, Coccinellidae and Anthicidae was much higher than those on the middle and high tidal flats. The individual number of Blissidae and Delphacidae increased from Lower to High tidal flat. Compared with that on the low tidal flat, the insect composition on the middle tidal flat was closer to that on the high tidal flat. (3) The family and individual numbers of insects in Spartina alterniflora community were higher than those in Phragmite australis community on Middle shoal in summer. Psocoptera and Chloropidae were two dominant families in Spartina altemiflora community, their individuals accounting for 86. 83% of the total. While in Phragmite australis community, Chloropidae, Anthicidae and Coccinellidae were three dominant families , their individuals accounting for 79% of the total. In the Scirpus mariqueter-S. Triqueter community on Jiangyanansha, the dominant insect families were Phlaeothripidae,Cicadellidae,Chloropidae,Chironomidae and Braconidae,their individual accounting for 96.82% of the total,those in Zizania latifolia community only accounting for 31. 52% of the total. (4) The shannon-weiner biodiversity index of the insects in mesophytic communities was highest, following those in Phragmite australis community and Spartina altemiflora community, and lowest in Zizania latifolia community, the highest species richness was seen in Phragmite australis community,following those in Spartina altemiflora community and mesophytic communities,lowest in Zizania latifolia community ; (5) According to PC-ORD analysis, the family similarity of the insects in the five plant communities revealed the gradual changes from Zizania latiflora community and S. Mariqueter-S. Triqueter community, to Spartina alterniflora community and Phrag-
  • 摘要：We study nonautonomous reaction-diffusion equations on the time semiaxis R+.We obtain some prior estimates for the solutions and prove the existence of the uniform attractor.%研究了时间半轴R+上一类非自治反应-扩散方程,得到了解的一些先验估计,并证明了一致吸引子的存在性.
  • 摘要：以细叶小羽藓(Haplocladium microphyllum)为材料的藓袋法和原子吸收光谱法,测定了上海地区不同样地2006和2011年间Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr 5种重金属元素含量.按照综合污染指数,污染最严重的地段有宝山钢研所等重工业区域和市中心交通流量大的地段,松江余山、上海动物园、崇明东平国家森林公园等郊外地段的重金属污染明显较轻.基于藓袋法所得的5个重金属元素含量数据的聚类和主成成分.分析表明:20个样地分成3个类型,反映出上海地区5种重金属污染存在明显的区域分化,这一结果与基于综合污染指数反映出的区域污染差异有很好的对应性.与2006年相比,2011年5种重金属元素在上海地区的16个样地的变化差异明显,Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和Cr含量有显著或极显著增加的样地数分别占了测定样地数的93.75％、87.5％、68.75％、50.00％和43.75％,没有显著变化的样地数分别为6.25％、6.25％、31.25％、50％和50％,仅宝山区钢研所样地的Zn和卢湾高级中学样地的Cr含量有显著或极显著减少,反映出2006 ～2011年间上海地区的大气质量没有得到改善,部分还在进一步恶化.虽然宝山区的钢研所污染最为严重,但是与2006年相比,环境恶化的趋势相对较弱,而闵行莘庄莘凌路等近郊新开发区的环境恶化却更为明显.讨论了金山石化、中山公园、余山公园等代表性地段2006 ～2011年间的大气环境变化特点.%By means of AAS method, the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Cr in the plants of moss Haplocladium microphyl-lum in moss bags located in 16 sites in Shanghai during the period of 2006 -2011 were determined. Based on an integrated pollution index, the most serious pollution areas were Institute of Steel Science in Baoshan district with heavy industry and Zhongshan Park with heavy traffic, while Dongping national forest park in Chongming island in the suburb of Shanghai were slightly polluted. Cluster analysis and Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that 20 sites could be divided into three site groups to reveal the variation of five heavy metal elements. The pollution states of 20 sites based on the integrated pollution index were similar to those resulted from Cluster analysis and PCA. Compared with those in 2006, the changes of five heavy elements in 16 sites in 2011 varied much. The sites with distinct concentration increase for Cu,Zn, Pb,Cd and Cr account for 93. 75% ,87. 5% ,68. 75% , 50.00% and 43.75% of the total determined sties respectively,while those without distinct increase or decrease for Cu,Zn,Pb, Cd and Cr account for 6.25% ,6.25% ,31.25% ,50% and 50%. Only Zn in Institute of Steel Science of Baoshan district and Cr in Luwan higher school in 2011 decreased distinctly compared with those in 2006. Though the pollution of the five metal elements in the institute of steel science in Baoshan was heaviest, compared with those of 2006, the increase rate of five metal elements was lower and the trend of environmental degradation in the site were relatively weak, while the trend of environmental degradation were distinct in the newly developing area along Xinlin road in Minghang district. The atmospheric environment changes in typical areas,such as Mount Sheshan,JinShan Petrochemical Plant,and Zhongshan Park,were also compared and discussed.
  • 摘要：This paper describes a simplified 2D to 3D Video Conversion Technology, taking virtual campus 3D video production as an example. First, it clarifies the meaning of the 2D to 3D Video Conversion Technology, and points out the disadvantages of traditional methods. Second, it forms an innovative and convenient method. A flow diagram, software and hardware configurations are presented. Finally, detailed description of the conversion steps and precautions are given in turn to the three processes, namely, preparing materials, modeling objects and baking landscapes, recording screen and converting videos .%以虚拟校园3D视频制作为例,阐述一种简化的2D至3D视频转换技术.首先,明确2D至3D视频转换技术的含义,并指出传统方法的不足之处.其次,形成便捷转换新方法,同时介绍流程示意图、软硬件配置.最后,依次从准备素材、建模烘焙、录像转换三大流程,详细说明转换步骤与注意事项.
  • 摘要：This study examined the corrosion resistance of satin nickel plating on conductive plastic. The electrochemical tests were to analyze the corrosion behavior of satin nickel plating with different processes in 3.5% NaCl solution. The results show that, because the satin nickel plating has an organic film on its surface due to process characteristics, the film results in different corrosion resistance. By increasing satin additive dosage, the nickel plating chroma decreases, the micro-surface of the plating becomes rough,and the corrosion resistance is followed by decrease.%对导电塑料沙丁镍镀层的耐腐蚀性进行分析,通过电化学试验,分析了不同工艺的沙丁镍镀层在3.5％ NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为.结果表明:沙丁镍由于其工艺特性,镀层表面存在有机膜,膜对耐腐蚀性有一定影响,随着沙剂用量增加,沙丁镍镀层色度降低,镀层微观表面变得较粗糙,耐腐蚀性随之降低.
  • 摘要：SNAT2 is the second member of the sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporters (SNATs) of the SLC38 gene family.It plays an important role in Glutamate-glutamine cycle in the brain and gluconeogenesis in the liver.In order to detect expression and localization of SNAT2 on the membrane conveniently,the C terminus of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) was linked to the N terminus of SNAT2 in the mammalian expression vector pBK-CMV(△ [1 098-1300]) by PCR and single restriction endonuclease digestion techniques.After the plasmid pBK-CMV-EGFP-SNAT2 was transiently transfected into HEK293T cells for 36 hours,the expression and localization of EGFP-SNAT2 fusion protein were detected by western blot and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM).The result showed that EGFP-SNAT2 expressed and localized on the membrane normally.The construction of the expression vector of pBK-CMV-EGFP-SNAT2 will be of great benefit to investigation of structure and function of SNAT2 in the future.%SNAT2是SLC38基因家族编码的Na+偶联中性氨基酸转运蛋白中属于system A的成员之一.它在谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺循环、肝脏糖质新生等生物通路中发挥重要作用.增强型绿色荧光蛋白EGFP的连接对于SNAT2在细胞表达中的定位以及检测都有很大的帮助.采用PCR扩增和酶切技术将EGFP连接到质粒pBK-CMV /⊿-SNAT2中SNAT2的N端.通过酶切后琼脂糖凝胶电泳和测序验证得到pBK-CMV ⊿-EGFP-SNAT2质粒载体,将构建好的质粒瞬时转染进人胚肾细胞(HEK293 cells)用Western blot和激光共聚焦电子显微镜检测EGFP-SNAT2的表达与亚细胞定位.结果表明:EGFP-SNAT2在细胞中正确表达并定位于细胞膜上.pBK-CMV ⊿-EGFP-SNAT2质粒载体的构建对于进一步研究SNAT2的结构和功能具有重要意义.
  • 摘要：The research of urban ecological system carbon plays a very important role in global climate change area. In this study, based on the eddy covariance system of Shanghai's peri - urban forest and FSAM model (the Flux - Source Area Model) , the distribution of footprint was analyzed in the different atmospheric conditions, wind directions, and the diurnal dynamics of footprint. Results showed that;The footprint in unstable atmospheric conditions was 66 -491 m,but in the stable atmospheric conditions was 94 - 1047 m. The wind directions influenced the footprint, the range of source areas was 94 - 1047 m in the prevailing wind direction (90° -180°) ,while it was 335 m in the vertical upwind,and other wind directions of the flux source distributions were different from the above,the range of source areas were 103 - 1146,122 - 1337,110 - 1256 m,respectively. The diurnal variation of footprint appeared a rule that the footprint was larger in night than in the day.%全球变化背景下,城市二氧化碳排放是全球大气二氧化碳的重要来源.以上海市奉贤区为研究对象,基于涡度相关观测系统所获得的通量观测数据,应用FSAM(the Flux-Source Area Model)模型,分析了不同大气条件、不同风向下通量贡献区的分布及时间动态.结果表明:大气稳定度会影响通量贡献区的范围,表现为不稳定大气条件下通量贡献区长度为66～491 m,稳定条件下通量贡献区长度为94 ～1047 m.风向对通量贡献区的影响表现为在主风风向90°～180°,稳定大气条件下(通量贡献p为0.9时)通量贡献区的范围为94 ～ 1047 m,垂直于迎风方向的宽度为335 m；其他风向的通量贡献区分布与主风风向各不相同,分别为103 ～1146,122 ～1337,110～1256 m.通量贡献区具有明显的昼夜变化特征,表现为夜间通量区范围大于白天.
  • 摘要：This paper presents a high performance level shifter with null static leakage current. Unlike the existing level shifter circuits, the proposed level shifter can shift threshold voltage level to full swing level without any static power consumption as long as the input signal level is higher than the threshold voltage of NMOS in output power domain. Moreover, the proposed level shifter has shorter propagation delay and consumes less dynamic power than existing designs. The proposed circuit is generic in nature and the range of shifting level is limited only by the scope of the semiconductor process. The proposed level shifter is designed in 40nm CMOS technology and simulated in SPICE. The simulation results show that the proposed level shifter circuit is able to shift 0. 9 V of input level to 1. 8 V of operating voltage of the output domain 200 ps propagation delay and null static power consumption.%提出了一种无静态漏电流的高性能电平转换器.与现有的电平转换器不同,此设计能够在无静态功耗的情况下,将阈值电压转换为全摆幅输出,只要输入电平高于输出端电压域的NMOS的阈值电压即可正常工作,并且具有更短的传播延时和更低的动态功耗.此设计具有通用性,其电平转换范围仅受限于半导体工艺.针对40 nm工艺实现了该电平转换器电路,并且用SPICE模型进行了仿真.仿真结果显示:该电平转换器能够在无静态功耗的情况下,将0.9V的输入电平转换为输出端电压域的工作电平1.8V,传播延时仅为200 ps.
  • 摘要：无线射频识别(RFID)技术已经应用到许多不同的领域,尤其在供应链的监测和管理中是非常有用的,然而在这样的环境中将产生巨大的路径信息数据,从这些数据中提取有用的信息需要耗费很长时间.采用目前广泛使用的编码技术素数编码对供应链中物品路径进行有效编码,减小存储空间,并方便地检索路径信息.设计了一个存储策略支持在关系型数据库上进行有效的查询处理.最后提出了一种将查询模板转换为SQL方法.%Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been applied to many different fields. Especially, it is very useful in the monitoring and management of the supply chain. However, in such an environment, enormous RFID path information data will be generated,from which it therefore takes a long time to extract valuable information. In this paper,the path of items in the supply chain is effectively encoded by use of the prime number encoding which is currently a widely used coding technique and can not only compress the data volume but also is convenient to retrieve path information. A storage scheme is devised to support efficient query processing on an RDBMS . Finally, a method by which query templates are converted to SQL queries is proposed.
  • 摘要：卤胺类化合物是一类新型的抗菌剂,它有效地克服了传统抗菌剂在实际应用中的一些缺点,是一类具有杀菌速度快,杀菌效率高,储存稳定,抗菌功效可再生等优点的绿色环保型抗菌剂.近年来,一些新颖的带有键合基团的卤胺前置体已被成功地接枝到各种基体材料如棉纤维、硅胶、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚乙烯、聚氨酯等的表面来制备各种抗菌材料和产品.特别是大孔交联的高分子卤胺抗菌树脂产品Halopure及其相关技术的成功开发,开创了卤胺抗菌材料在饮用水消毒领域应用的新纪元.介绍了该类抗菌材料的抗菌机理、合成与制备方法以及在日常生活各领域中的广泛应用前景,并对其今后的发展趋势作了展望.%N-halamines, a new class of biocides,overcome some of the disadvantages caused by the traditional biocides in practical applications. They are environmentally friendly germicides due to their fast and efficient sterilization, storage stability, and regeneration. Earlier studies on N-halamines mainly focused on the syntheses and applications of small molecular organic N-halamines such as five-membered and six-membered heterocyclic N-halamine compounds. Compared to traditional inorganic halogen-containing disinfectants such as chlorine gas, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, these heterocyclic N-halamines can maintain disinfection capacity in the water for longer time due to their better stability. Since the late 20th century, non-leaching biocial N-halamine materials have received much attention. Some novel N-halmine precursors with binding groups have been covalently bounded to various materials such as cellulose fiber, silica gel, polystyrene, polyethylene, and polyurethane to produce non-leaching biocidal materials. Specially, the successful development of macroporous cross-linked N-halamine polymer resin materials ( Halopure) and related technologies created a new era for the applications of N-halamine materials in the disinfection of drinking water. In this review paper, the antibacterial mechanism and synthetic methods of N-halamine biocidal materials and their application prospects in various fields of daily life were introduced. Their development prospects were also made.
  • 摘要：We associate credit events with market rates to price firm bonds with extendable maturity. We deal with the credit risk by the reduced form approach and obtain the pricing formula for firm bonds with extendable maturity by the PDE approach under the assumption of stochastic interest rate and compare its return rate with that of ordinary firm bonds.%将公司债券发生违约事件与市场利率的变化联系起来,对可展期的公司债券进行定价.用约化模型处理企业违约风险,在随机利率下,用偏微分方程的方法给出了可展期的企业债券定价的公式,并讨论了它与普通企业债券在收益率上的差异.
  • 摘要：The R/S method of the fractal theory was used in analysis the most influential stock markets in China ( Shanghai Composite Index-SSEC, the Shenzhen Composite Index-SZCI and Hang Seng Index-HIS in HongKong) and the most impact foreign stock markets (the Dow Jones,the Nasdaq and the S&P 500) in recent 10 years (2002-2011) stock index to study their differences. The Hurst exponent for the logarithmic rate of monthly return for Chinese stock markets were around 0. 74,while the Hurst exponent for the western were around 0. 77. The average cycle for Chinese stock markets were around 600 days, while westerns were around 1150 days. The price of the Dow Jones index had a greater influence on the price of SSEC than other markets,and HIS had a greater influence on SSCI than SSEC. Chinese and foreign markets had higher kurtosis than normal distribution, and during the first one or two cycle, the price data presented a right-skewed, peak and fat-tailed distribution characteristics. The data presented a left-skewed,peak and fat-tailed distribution afterwards. At the same time,the foreign data is much closer to normal distribution. This research is a good guidance for stock researcher understanding and studying the foreign stock markets.%运用了分形理论中的R/S分析法对中国的三大股市(上证,深证和香港的恒生指数)以及欧美的三大股市(道琼斯、纳斯达克以及标普500指数)的近10年(2002 ～ 2011)的股票指数作了差别研究.我国股市的月对数收益率的Hurst指数为0.74左右；而国外的则在0.77左右.国内三大股市的平均循环周期在600 d左右,而国外三大股市在1150 d左右.道琼斯指数对上证指数价格变化影响较大；恒生指数对深证指数的价格波动影响要比上证指数的价格波动影响大.中外股指均具有比正态分布更高的峰度,且在最初的一到两个周期内,数据呈现右偏尖峰后尾的分布特征,之后则呈现左偏尖峰后尾的分布特征.而国外股指的数据分布更接近于正态分布.本研究对股市研究者了解和借鉴近年来国外股市行情有着一定的指导意义.
  • 摘要：基于现有实现载波抑制毫米波传输下行链路信号的实验,研究并比较了以下两种ROF系统:一种是利用强度调制技术产生载波抑制毫米波的传输系统,另一种是利用相位调制技术产生边带传输下行链路信号.通过仿真实验证明了系统的有效性和可靠性,并根据光谱图、Q值参数、眼图和误码率曲线来对比研究两者传输性能的优缺点.%According to the researches of transmitting downlink signal based on optical carrier suppression, we demonstrate two rndifferent ROF systems, one is based on intensity modulation to suppress the optical carrier, another is using phase modulation to rngenerate sidebands to transmit the downlink signal. Simulation results prove the validity and reliability of the systems. A rncomparative study is carried out to the advantages and disadvantages of the transmission performance of both systems according to rnthe spectra, the parameter of Q value, eye diagrams and BER curve, meanwhile the effectiveness and reliability of system are rnverified.
  • 摘要：The computerized numerically - controlled machine tool CNC is a highly integrated mechatronic system in manufacturing. However, uncertainties degrade its motion accuracy. In order to estimate the uncertainties of the parameter variation and current measurement , in this paper, a state - space disturbance observer is successfully applied to servomotors in the velocity and the current loops. Via the modeling of CNC machine tool and servo motor, the parameters affecting the accuracy are continuously variated and an auto tuning procedure is applied to identify the varied parameters of the motor. The experimental results show that the influences on the velocity and current caused by the linear errors , external disturbance and etc have improved significantly, and eventually the effect of suppressing the torque ripple is achieved .%计算机化数控机床CNC在制造业中是一种高度集成的机电一体化系统.然而,不确定因素却降低了它运动的准确性.为了估计系数变化和电流测量问题中的不确定性,针对速度和电流循环,提出了一种线性状态空间扰动观测器,通过对数控机床和伺服电机的建模,不断改变影响准确性的各项参数,同时应用自动调优程序对电动机多样性系数进行识别,实验结果表明:由于线性误差,外部扰动等不确定因素所造成的对于速度与电流的影响得到显著改善,并最终实现了对于转矩振动的抑制.
  • 摘要：A software of root analyzer ( WinRHIZO) was used to analyze the gametophytic morphology of 32 specimens of Hypnum plumaeforme Wils. ,Thuidium cymbifolium (Dozy et Molk. ) Dozy et Molk. And Entodon compressus ( Hedw. ) Mull. Hal. . The length of stems and branches, projected area, surface area, average diameter, length/volume, volume, tips, forks, and the crossings number of links of gametophytes of these 32 specimens were obtained. Based on the above morphological parameters, the cluster dendrogram and ordination plots were produced by using cluster analysis and non - metric multi - dimensional scaling method. The results showed that the 32 specimens could be divided into three groups, which match well with Hypnum plumaeforme Wils. , Thuidium cymbifolium { Dozy et Molk. ) Dozy et Molk. And Entodon compressus ( Hedw. ) Mull. Hal. ,respectively. One -way ANOVA of the 10 characters among the three species shows that most morphological parameters are statistically different among the above three species. Therefore,the above 10 characters are relative stable in the genus level,the root analyzer and its attached software have a potential in the physiological and ecological studies in pleurocarpous mosses.%应用根系分析软件(WinRHIZO)获得了大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium (Dozy et Molk.)Dozy et Molk.)和密叶绢藓(Entodon compressus (Hedw.)Müll.Hal.)32份标本的配子体枝条长度、投影面积、表面积、枝条平均直径、长度/体积、总体积、枝尖数、枝的分叉数、枝交叠数等10个形态参数,基于这些数据,应用聚类分析和无度量多维标定生成了这32份标本的排序和聚类图.聚类与排序结果表明:32份标本可以分成3组,与大灰藓、大羽藓和密叶绢藓有很好的对应性.单因素方差分析表明这32份标本的10个形态指标在大灰藓、密叶绢藓、大羽藓之间多数存在显著差异.因此,配子体的这10个性状在研究的3类侧蒴藓类植物中具有相对的稳定性,根系分析仪在侧蒴藓类植物生理生态学研究上具有潜在的应用价值.
  • 摘要：An electroless plating method was applied to deposit Au onto the walls of pores of polycarbonate membranes ( PC-Mem) . P-aminothiophenol was modified onto the walls of the PC-Mem by Self-assembly ( PATP-Au-Mem). The nanotubules were positively charged at lower pH because the amino of the PATP can be easily protonated, and the compound with the positive charge with nanotubules was excluded to transport through the membrane due to the electrostatic repulsion. Genistein reacts with Al3 + to form a metal chelate with positively charge and is hard to pass through the PATP-Au-Mem, while Daidzein can transport easily through this membrane. In the pH 4. 5 medium, Genistein and Daidzein in soy isoflavone were successfully separated with a separate factor of 6.91 based on the PATP-Mem.%以聚碳酸酯滤膜为模板,采用化学沉积法将Au沉积到膜孔道内,制备了直径约10 nm的Au纳米通道膜(Au-Mem),对巯基苯胺(PATP)通过金-硫键共价自组装至Au纳米通道孔壁上,形成致密单层氨基末端的Au纳米通道膜(PATP-Au-Mem),pATP末端氨基在较低pH值条件下易被质子化而使Au纳米通道膜带正电荷,对于荷正电的物质通过纳米通道膜具有静电斥力作用.利用染料木素与铝可形成荷正电的螯合物后不易通过Au纳米通道的特性,在pH =4.5的条件下,基于PATP-Mem膜分离了大豆异黄酮单体染料木素与大豆黄素,其分离度可达6.91.
  • 摘要：以水-乙醇作为溶剂,在pH为5.8的磷酸二氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲溶液中,氧氟沙星与茜素、稀土镧离子反应形成三元配合物体系.紫外吸收光谱研究结果表明:该三元配合物体系在295 nm处有最大吸收波长,表观摩尔吸收系数为3.60×104 L·mol-1·cm-1.氧氟沙星在0.54 ～ 30.36 mg/L范围内符合朗伯-比尔定律,方法的检出限为0.02 mg/L.用于市售药品的含量分析,得回收率为93.9％ ～97.11％,相对标准偏差为0.65％ ～ 1.29％.%Lanthanum( Ⅲ) ion is coordinated with ofloxacinand and alizarin to form a rare earth ternary complex with potassium dihydrogen phosphate - sodium hydroxide buffer solution ( pH = 5.8) in the solvent of ethanol. The absorption peak of the rare earth ternary complex is centered at 295 nm. Its apparent molar absorptivity at 295. 0 nm is 3. 60 × 104 Lomol - locm - 1. The linear range was 0. 54 ~ 30. 36 mgoL - 1 with a detection limit of 0. 012 mgoL - 1. It's a simple, rapid, and convenient method for the determination of the investigated drug in tablet.
  • 摘要：The effects of light and darkness on spore germination percentage of the fern Dryopteris erythrosora are investigated. Moreover,the effects of antheridiogen of D. Erythrosora on its' spores germination and gametophyte development and on spores germination, gametophyte development of Ceratopteris thalictroides are investigated respectively. The results exhibit: ① The light illumination is not the prerequisite of spore germination of D. Erythrosora. However, the light can markedly promote the spore germination. ② In light condition, antheridiogen of D. Erythrosora promotes the spore germination and the development of the male gametophytes,but inhibits the development of the bisexual gametophytes. But in darkness,the antheridiogen does not promote the spore germination. ③ The antheridiogen of D. Erythrosora at different stage of gametophyte development exhibits no obvious effects on the spores germination and gametophyte development of Ceratopteris.%研究了光照和黑暗条件对红盖鳞毛蕨孢子萌发率的影响,同时研究了红盖鳞毛蕨成精子囊素对其孢子萌发和配子体发育的影响以及红盖鳞毛蕨成精子囊素对水蕨孢子萌发和配子体发育的影响.实验表明:①光照不是红盖鳞毛蕨孢子萌发的必要条件,但能显著促进其萌发；②在光照条件下,红盖鳞毛蕨成精子囊素可促进其孢子萌发和雄配子体发育；在黑暗条件下不能促进其孢子萌发；③红盖鳞毛蕨配子体各发育时期产生的成精子囊素对水蕨孢子萌发和配子体发育均无显著影响.
  • 摘要：Using Fan-KKM Theorem, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the auxiliary problem for a generalized equilibrium problem. A common element of the solution set of the generalized equilibrium problem and the fixed point set for an infinite family of nonexpansive mappings can be achieved by an iterative sequence.%在Hilbert空间中,利用Fan-KKM定理,证明了广义平衡问题的辅助问题的解的存在性和唯一性.研究了用于寻找广义平衡问题的的解集和一列非扩张映象的不动点集之公共元的迭代序列,在适当条件下证明了该序列强收敛于这两个集合的公共元.
  • 摘要：Fountains biofilm reactor was used for purification of fishing water. Goldfishes were cultured in clean water to investigate regularity of nitrogen and COD concentration increasing at first. Hereafter, two protocols, simple aeration and fountains biobilm reactor, were employed for the water purification, and compared with their impact on water quality improvement. The experimental results indicated that simply aeration was only achieved for NH4+ - N concentration decreasing, but total nitrogen TN concentration was not effectively removed. On the contrary,TN was effectively removed based on the fountains biofilm reactor. TN removal rate increased with increasing initial TN concentration, which fits Monod model through TN-removal kinetic analysis. Here C/N ratio had obvious effect on TN removal rate, and maximum TN-removal rate rmax and half-maximum-rate concentration Ks were increased by 32 % and decreased by 21 % when C/N was increased from 5: 1 to 15: 1 Respectively.%介绍了一种用于净化养鱼水体的喷泉式生物膜反应器.首先在清洁的水中放养金鱼,考察水中氮素和COD浓度的增长规律,随后分别采用简单曝气和加入喷泉式生物膜反应器2种方法对水质进行净化,并比较他们的效果.结果表明:简单曝气可以降低NH4+-N浓度,但不能有效去除总氮(TN),而采用喷泉式生物膜反应器则可以有效地降低TN.通过TN去除动力学的分析,TN去除速率随着初始浓度的增加而增加,表现为Monod模型.其中C/N比对TN去除速率有明显影响,C/N比由5∶1提高到15∶1时,相应的TN去除速率(rmax)和饱和常数(KS)分别提高了32％和降低了21％.
  • 摘要：A heterogenous Pd(Ⅱ) organometal catalyst with bicontinuous cubic Ia3d mesostructure was synthesized by surfactant-directed co-condensation of Pd [PPh2 (CH2)2Si (OCH2CH3)3] 2Cl2 and (CH3CH2O) 3 SiPhSi (OCH2CH3) 3.In water-medium Sonogashira reaction,the as-prepared Pd (Ⅱ)-PMO-KIT-6 exhibited higher catalytic activity than reference catalyst Pd(Ⅱ)-KIT-6 and could be used repetitively for more than 4 times,which could reduce the cost and even diminish the environmental pollution from heavy metallic ions,showing a good potential in industrial applications.%以1,4-双(三乙氧基硅基)苯和苯基膦钯有机金属硅烷为混合硅源,在表面活性剂导向组装下共缩聚制得Pd(Ⅱ)-PMO-KIT-6非均相催化剂,并利用NMR、XPS、XRD、TEM和氮气吸附等手段对催化剂进行了表征.考察了该催化剂在水介质Sonogashira反应中的催化性能,结果表明:所制备的Pd(Ⅱ)-PMO-KIT-6具有优异的催化活性和选择性,这主要归因于催化剂的高比表面积、双连续介孔结构有利于提高Pd(Ⅱ)活性位分散度,减少传质阻力；同时苯基桥联PMO构建形成的微环境增强表面疏水性,有利于反应底物的吸附和扩散.此外,催化剂还可以重复使用多次后活性没有明显降低.
  • 摘要：The complex modal analysis is applied to investigate vibrations of finite beams on viscoelastic Winkler foundations. The complex frequency equations and modal functions are obtained under simply supported boundary conditions. The characteristics of natural frequencies and mode functions of the viscoelastic Winkler foundation beams, as well as the impact of the beam stiffness coefficient and the foundation viscosity on natural frequencies and mode functions are analyzed through specific numerical examples.%运用复模态分析研究了有限长黏弹性Winkler地基梁的振动特性,得出简支边界条件下的复频率方程和复模态函数表达式.通过具体算例,分析了黏弹性Winkler地基梁的固有频率和模态函数的特征,以及梁的刚度系数和地基黏性系数对固有频率和模态函数的影响.
  • 摘要：分别利用经过驯化的葡萄糖降解菌和2,4,6-三氯酚(TCP)降解菌,通过添加易生物降解的有机物(葡萄糖、苯甲酸、苯酚)作为共基质,对TCP进行好氧生物降解,以考察其降解机理.当利用葡萄糖降解菌降解TCP时,在没有共基质存在时,微生物经历51h的适应期之后,才能生长,与此同时可利用TCP作为唯一碳源而使其降解.当有共基质存在时,TCP几乎没有降解.而当利用TCP降解菌降解TCP时,在没有共基质的条件下,只需43 h的适应期可使TCP得到降解.实验结果表明:由于在没有共基质存在的条件下,葡萄糖降解菌和TCP降解菌均能利用TCP作为唯一碳源得到生长,并使TCP同时得到降解.因此在有共基质条件下,使TCP的降解效率提高的机理为次级利用,而非共代谢.%Domesticated glucose and 2, 4, 6-trichlorophenol (TCP) degrading bacteria were respectively used for aerobic biodegradation of TCP by adding readily biodegradable organic matters ( glucose, benzoic acid and phenol) as co-substrates to investigate the mechanism of TCP degradation. Glucose degrading bacteria didn't grow until 51 hours of adaptation period in absence of co-substrates,during which TCP could be degraded by the bacteria as sole carbon source. However,TCP was little degraded in presence of co-substrates. While TCP degrading bacteria were used for aerobic biodegradation of TCP, it only took about 43 hours of adaptation period for the bacteria to remove TCP in absence of co-substrates. Experimental results indicated that both glucose and TCP degrading bacteria could utilize TCP as sole carbon source to grow,and TCP was also effectively degraded simultaneously. So TCP removal rate was accelerated in presence of co-substrates due to secondary utilization instead of co-metabolism.
  • 摘要：A batch of <001 >-textured CaBi4-xLaxTi4O15 (x =0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4) (CBLT-x)ceramics were fabricated by a two-step sintering method:synthesizing seed-crystal platelets by molten-salt method with oxide mixture as precursor,and then sintering the platelets via grain orientation technique (OCAP).Microstructural characterization by SEM was performed to establish the effect of increased doping of La3+ and sintering temperature on grain growth and texture development.Increasing La3 + (to x =0.4) resulted in dielectric constant improvement up to 570sintered at 1150℃ in the direction perpendicular to the tape-casting plan.The dielectric constant as well as loss of CBLT-x samples in the perpendicular direction is higher than that of parallel plane.The mechanism controlling the texture and grain growth in CBLT-x ceramics is firstly discussed by 3D patterns in this letter.%两步法烧结制备一系列CaBi4-xLaxTi4O15(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)(CBLT-x):以氧化物为前驱体用熔盐法合成片状粉体,然后通过晶体定向技术制备后烧结成陶瓷.通过SEM微观结构表征来确定增加镧掺杂和温度对晶粒生长和织构形成的影响.当镧掺杂(x=0.4)烧结温度在1150℃时,CBLT-x陶瓷在垂直于流延方向上介电常数可提高到570.CBLT-x系列陶瓷的介电常数和介电损耗在垂直于流延的方向的数值都高于平行方向上.控制CBLT-x陶瓷结构化和晶粒生长的机理首次用3D模式进行了讨论.
  • 摘要：以4-溴甲苯为初始原料,经过多步反应得到一个新的含苯并咪唑基团的螺二芴衍生物SPF-BB.SPF-BB的紫外吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱对pH值非常敏感,可以作为宽泛响应的pH光学传感器.测试了SPF-BB在乙腈和水的体积比为15∶1的体系中,对各种金属离子的识别作用,结果表明,SPF-BB对银离子具有高的识别能力.%A novel benzimidazole-based spirobifluorene derivative SPF-BB was obtained from 4-bromotoluene.SPF-BB possess excellent spectral sensitivities to pH changes and can be used as optical pH sensor of a wide pH range.The recognition behavior of SPF-BB toward various metal ions has been evaluated in a acetonitrile/water(15∶ 1,v/v) solvent system.SPF-BB is highly selective in recognizing Ag +.
  • 摘要：采用分子动力学方法对硒化镉纳米线的弹性性能进行模拟,系统地研究了不同大小的硒化镉纳米线的弹性性质,得出其杨氏模量及泊松比与半径的变化关系.计算结果表明:在材料的弹性范围内,硒化镉纳米线的杨氏模量和泊松比均随着半径的增大而减小,且纳米线的杨氏模量比块体的大很多；纳米线横截面原子键长分布情况表明这种关系是由纳米体系表面效应随着体系的变小而增大这一性质决定的.%In this paper, we present an investigation on the elastic properties of CdSe nanowires by using molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that the Youngs modulus and Poissons ratio of CdSe nanowires will decrease with increasing radius and the Youngs modulus of all nanowires studied here are remarkably higher than that of bulk material. The atomic bond length distribution along the cross section shows that the size effect observed in CdSe nanowires is an outcome of surface relaxation, that is,surface to volume ratio decides the elastic properties of CdSe nanowires.
  • 摘要：在实q-一致光滑的Banach空间中根据Mann-型粘滞逼近法,引入了一迭代格式来寻求一族严格伪压缩映射的公共不动点；该公共不动点还是某一变分不等式的解.结果改进与推广了先前与最近文献中的相应结果.%We introduce an iterative scheme by the Mann-type viscosity approximation method for finding a common fixed point of a finite family of strictly pseudo-contractive mappings, which solves some variational inequality in a real q-uniformly smooth Banach space. The results improve and extend the corresponding results in the previous and recent literature.
  • 摘要：研究了满足螺旋边界条件的额外维存在时的平行板标量场Casimir效应.利用Zeta函数正则化方法,得到了用第二类变形Bessel函数表示的Casimir力.发现Casimir力总是吸引力,但是对于相同尺度的螺旋结构参数和平板间的距离,与不存在额外维的情形相比,平板间Casimir力的大小降低了一个数量级.螺旋结构参数越小,Casimir力的大小降低越多.%In this paper,we consider the scalar Casimir effect for parallel plates in the presence of extra dimensions with helix boundary conditions.Using zeta function regularization technique,we get the Casimir pressure explicitly expressed by the modified Bessel function of the second kind.We find the Casimir force is always attractive but for the same magnitude of the helix parameter as the parallel separation,the magnitude of the force between the parallel plates decreases by one order of magnitude.The smaller the helix parameter compared to the plate separation,the more magnitudes the force decreases.
  • 摘要：Recently,nonlinear massive gravity is under discussed. Nonlinear massive gravity can not only screen the fifth force on small distance,but also make acceleration on cosmological scales. On the other hand,there exsits monopole solutions in the minimal model coupled to Einstein gravity for Kalb-Ramond field. We can use this method to test Lorentz symmetry breaking. This paper calculates the solution of nonlinear massive gravity coupled to Kalb-Ramond field. We find it is different from the situation of Einstein gravity coupled Kalb-Ramond field. The solution cannot reproduce general gravity solution in the massless limit, and it is in the similitude of the Schwazchild which lowers the departure of ray.%近年来,非线性有质量引力理论引起了广泛的关注.它不仅能在小尺度上屏蔽第五种力,又能在大尺度上引起宇宙的加速膨胀.另一方面,引力场与Kalb-Ramond场耦合具有单极子解.这使得洛伦兹破缺具有了可观测效应.本研究计算了非线性有质量引力与Kalb-Ramond场耦合的情形,结果与广义相对论的结果大不相同.在外部解无法回到广义相对论情形,且其形式与Schwazchild度规很相似.这使得光线偏转效应被大大的降低了.
  • 摘要：In this paper,on account of the features of node trust relationships and smaller transaction possibilities in peer-to-peer network,a peer-to-peer trust network model is set forth based on its core nodes. Nodes in the network model are clustered according to their public reputation and private credibility. This paper discusses core nodes and ordinary nodes respectively relying on their node reliabilities and gives relevant solutions. The simulation results show that the trust model not only has robustness of anti-malicious node attacks but also has lower amount of assessment computation and communication overhead for network resources search.%针对点对点网络节点信任关系以及交易可能性较小的特点,阐述基于核心节点的点对点信任网络模型.该网络模型中的网络节点以公有度和私有信任度进行聚类,依靠节点可靠度针对核心节点和普通节点分情况讨论,并给予相关解决方案.仿真实验结果表明:该信任模型不但具有抗恶意节点攻击的鲁棒性,同时在网络资源搜索时具有较低的评估计算量和通信开销.

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