以氢氧化钾/甲醇碱催化法对食用油样品进行甲酯化衍生化预处理,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术,对采自西安、咸阳市的16种食用植物油和4种动物油（猪油、牛油、羊油和鸡油）中的脂肪酸组成进行测定,并对其所含各类脂肪酸的比例关系进行详细地分析,以确定不同类型食用油的营养特征。结果显示,各类食用油所含的主要脂肪酸成分是棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、11-十八碳烯酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、花生单烯酸以及芥酸等;不同类型的食用油脂中,饱和、单不饱和、多不饱和脂肪酸之比值差异极大,而且多不饱和脂肪酸中n-6脂肪酸与n-3脂肪酸之比值差别也很大。%The fatty acid composition of 16 vegetable oil samples and animal fat from 4 species was analyzed by GC-MS for a detailed understanding the percentages of various fatty acids and their nutritional characteristics. The sample pretreatment was achieved through mythyl esterification in the presence of KOH/MeOH. The major fatty acids in the edible fats and oils included palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, 11-octadecenoic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, 11-eicosenoic acid and erucic acid. Among them, a very high difference was in the ratios among saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Meanwhile, the ratio between n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids also exhibited an obvious difference.
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