通过对广西义务教育经费统计数据和部分市县学校公用经费使用数据的分析发现,民族地区义务教育公用经费的支出水平与自身相比虽有所进步,但与全国平均水平相比还比较落后,且区域内配置不平衡、使用结构不合理等现象较严重.究其原因,主要是民族地区经济基础比较薄弱以致对义务教育的支持力度不足,而地方政府在义务教育投入方面的努力程度也不够,同时教育资源配置机制与政策上存在某些偏差造成区域之间义务教育经费投入差距拉大,教育主管部门制定的公用经费拨付规则和管理制度与学校工作实际也不尽相符.为解决这些问题,需要进一步强化各级政府的教育职责,加大对义务教育的投入力度,加强中央和省级政府对区域内的义务教育经费统筹平衡,完善各级政府之间的义务教育经费转移支付制度,优化义务教育公用经费的使用结构,增加学校管理公用经费的自主权.%Based on analyses of data,including the statistical data of compulsory education funds in Guangxi and the data of public fund expenditure in urban and country schools,this study yields the following findings:In ethnic minority areas,the expenditure level of public funds for compulsory education is higher than before.However,compared with the average national level,it is still very low;Meanwhile,the phenomena like unbalanced regional allocation and unreasonable usage are serious.The main reasons include:The local compulsory education lacks support because of weak economic foundation;The local government has not invested a lot of effort in compulsory education;There is still a big gap in investing public funds for compulsory education in different areas because of deviations between the mechanism for education resource allocation and policies;The appropriation rules and management system of public funds formulated by education authorities are inconsistent with the reality in schools.To solve these problems,the responsibilities of governments at all levels should be strengthened further in the field of education;The investment of compulsory education should be increased;The co-ordination of compulsory education funds should be further balanced by central and provincial governments;The transfer payment system of compulsory education funds in governments at all levels should be consummated;The use of compulsory education public funds should be optimized,and the autonomy of managing public funds in schools should be increased.
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