大学生内隐死亡态度与外显死亡态度的关系

摘要

目的:探讨大学生的内隐死亡态度、外显死亡态度以及二者的关系.方法:选取在读大学生65名,采用单类内隐联系测验(SC-IAT,分为认知、情感和行为3个维度)测量其内隐死亡态度、死亡态度描绘量表修订版(DAP-R,分为死亡恐惧、死亡逃避、趋近接受、逃离接受和中性接受5个维度)测量其外显死亡态度.结果:大学生在相容阶段的总SC-IAT及3个维度的平均反应时均小于不相容阶段(均P＜0.01),总SC-IAT及3个维度的D值均大于0(均P＜0.01).DAP-R的中性接受维度得分最高(4.0±0.2).总SC-IAT的D值与DAP-R 5个维度得分的相关均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论:本研究提示,大学生的内隐死亡态度表现为负性;外显死亡态度表现出中性接纳;大学生的内隐死亡态度与外显死亡态度不一致,且相互独立.%Objective:To explore the implicit attitude and explicit attitude toward death of college students,and the relationship between the two kinds of attitude.Methods:Totally 65 college studems participated in this study.The Single Category Implicit Association Test (SC-IAT,including cognition,affection and behavior) was used to exam the implicit attitude toward death of undergraduate students.The Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R,including five dimensions,i.e.,fear of death,death avoidance,death acceptance,escape acceptance,and neutral acceptance) was used to measure the explicit attitude.Results:Data of the SC-IAT indicated that the differences between the mean reaction time of the incompatible task and compatible in all three dimensions and the total SC-IAT were significant (Ps ＜0.01),and both the D scores of the total SC-IAT and three dimensions were larger than zero.The mean score of "neutral acceptance" was the highest in the five factors of SC-IAT.Relationships between the implicit effect of SC-IAT and the Mean scores of the DAP-R's five factors were not significant(Ps ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:The implicit attitude toward death of college students is negative,the explicit attitude toward death of college students is neutral.The implicit and explicit attitude toward death of college students is incongruent,and they are relatively independent.