新生儿听力及耳聋基因联合筛查研究进展

摘要

先天性耳聋已成为世界性的公共卫生问题。随着分子生物学和遗传学研究的逐渐深入，与耳聋相关的遗传性基因逐渐被确立，如GJB2基因、SLC26A4基因和线粒体12SrRNAm．A1555G、GJB3基因等。先天性耳聋在新生儿期的发病率约为1‰～1．86‰，是由多种环境和／或遗传因素共同作用导致。为了早期发现新生儿语前听力损失或迟发性听力损失，听力筛查及耳聋基因联合筛查的模式逐渐得到实施。该文就我国听力筛查及耳聋基因联合筛查的研究进展加以综述。%Congenital deafness has become a worldwide public health problem.With the gradual deepening of research in molecular biology and genetics, hereditary deafness-related genes have been gradually defined, such as GJB2 gene, SLC26A4 gene and mitochondrial 12SrRNAm.A1555G,and GJB3 genes.The incidence of congenital deafness in neonatal period is about 1‰-1.86‰, which is caused by multiple actions of various environmental and genetic factors.For early detection of hearing loss or delayed hearing loss before speech, hearing screening and deafness-related genes screening model are gradually implemented.In this paper, we reviewed the research progress of the hearing screening combined with deafness-related genes screening on newborns.