组织工程骨的体外预血管化*☆

摘要

BACKGROUND:Tissue-engineered bone, as an emerging method, is used to repair bone defects, but it is difficult to be used widely because of no nutrient metabolism of implants. Pre-vascularized tissue-engineered bone research is performed for this limitation. Forward-looking and procedural vascular construction prior to artificial grafting is perspective to supply the nutrient metabolism of implants. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the research results and developmental tendency of pre-vascularized bone engineering in vitro using a multilevel analysis. METHOD:Literature search was performed in CNKI database for Chinese literatures and PubMed database for English literatures from 2000 to 2012. The key words included“tissue-engineered bone, vascularization, implant, osteoblasts, endothelial cel s, co-culture”in Chinese, and“bone engineering, endothelial cel s, osteoblast, implant, cel s co-culture”in English. A review addressing pre-vascularized tissue-engineered bone was completed based on retrieved literature classified according to bone physiological studies, in vitro experimental research and material research. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 60 articles were included in result analysis. Studied have documented that microvascular regeneration in normal bone tissue has an important role in osteogenesis regulation. Current bone tissue engineering research is to simulate this physiological process of vascular regeneration in the human body, and lots of in vitro studies are designed to complete this angiogenic process in bone tissue engineering. It is confirmed that in vitro pre-vascular work is used for bone tissue engineering, especial y for in vivo survival and ossification of tissue-engineered bone, pointing out the developmental direction for the clinical application of tissue-engineered bone.%　　背景：组织工程骨的应用是一种新兴的解决骨缺损的先进手段，但是由于受到植入体无营养代谢的限制，难以大量应用于临床。组织工程骨预血管化研究就是针对这一局限性，进行人工植入体的前瞻性和程序性的血管构建，以期解决植入体的营养代谢问题，国内外学者已取得大量研究成果。　　目的：对组织工程骨体外预血管化实验研究成果和发展趋势进行多层次分析探讨。　　方法：检索CNKI数据库和Pubmed数据库2000至2012年文献，中文检索词：组织工程骨，血管化，植入支架，成骨细胞，血管内皮细胞，共培养，英文检索词：bone engineering, endothelial cel s, osteoblast, implant, cel s co-culture。按照基础骨生理研究、体外细胞实验研究和材料学研究进行分类，完成组织工程骨体外预血管化研究的综述。　　结果与结论：共纳入60篇文献进行分析。此次检索的文献证明，在正常骨组织中，微血管的发生对成骨具有重要的调控作用，目前组织工程骨研究正在模拟人体内血管再生这一生理过程，设计完成了大量体外预血管化的实验，证实了血管预成型的应用有利于组织工程骨的体内存活和骨化，为组织工程骨临床应用指明了发展方向。