社会资本与护士心理健康、职业倦怠、离职意愿及其影响因素间作用模式

摘要

Objective To explore the interaction model of social capital, mental health,occupational burnout, turnover intention and the related influence factors on nurses. Methods By random cluster sampling, investigated 723 nurses with Nurses' Turnover Intention Inventory, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Social Capital Questionnaire and Chinese Health Questionnaire, then explored the interaction model by path analysis. Results Nurses' position can influence their social capital(the path coefficient was 0. 124), social capital and occupational turnout can influence nurses' mental health(the path coefficient were -0. 231,0. 151), the mental health and occupational turnout both can influence nurses' turnover intention directly(the path coefficient were 0. 088,0. 151 ), the model is acceptable(CMIN/DF 1. 645, GFI 0. 984, AGFI 0. 966, IFI 0. 941, CFI 0. 937, RMSEA 0. 037).Conclusion Social capital can provide a new perspective for nurses' management, developing the social capital resources can relieve nurses' mental problems effectively; relieving the turnout and mental problem can decrease nurses' turnover intention finally.%目的 探讨社会资本与护士心理健康、职业倦怠、离职意愿及其影响因素间的影响机制.方法 通过随机整群抽样,采用护士离职意愿量表、社会资本测量问卷、护士职业倦怠量表和中文健康问卷对723名护士进行调查,并应用路径分析方法对因素间作用机制进行探索.结果 护士职位可对社会资本产生影响(路径系数为0.124);社会资本与职业倦怠均对护士的心理问题产生较大影响力(路径系数分别为一0.231,0.203);而护士心理问题与职业倦怠又对离职意愿产生影响(路径系数分别为0.088,0.151);模型拟合较好,CMIN/DF为1.645,GFI 0.984,AGFI 0.966,IFI 0.941,CFI 0.937,RMSEA 0.037.结论 社会资本可以为优化护理管理工作提供新的视角,开发护士社会资本可有效缓解其心理问题;而心理问题和职业倦怠的改善最终又降低护士的离职意愿.