集训期野战部队新兵心理弹性、心理健康与心理应激关系的交叉滞后分析

摘要

Objective To explore the resilience and mental health of recruits during training,and to investigate mutual prediction of resilience between mental health and psychological stress to provide the scientific evidence for the mental health training and psychological selection of recruits.Methods Connor-Davidson resilience questionnaire ( CD-RISC),symptom checklist ( SCL-90 ),psychological stress self-evaluation test ( PSET),satisfaction with life scale (SWLS),positive and negative affect scale (PANAS) were applied to 650 recruits in 2011 before starting training and after two months of training.Results ① Chinese recruits had good resilience,and the CD scores of pre-and post-test were (61.60 ± 14.36) and (61.41 ± 14.55 ) respectively.②Mental health (SCL-90) of two tests were good in recruits.③ Correlation analysis showed that the same premise of phase correlation,resilience (pre-test) could significantly predict mental health (post-test) ( β =0.070,P ＜ 0.05 ),mental health ( pretest) could not predict resilience (post-test) (β =0.015,P ＞ 0.05 ).Resilience (pre-test) could significantly predict psychological stress (post-test) ( β =0.075,P ＜ 0.05 ),psychological stress (pre-test) could not predict resilience (post-test) (β =0.017,P ＞ 0.05 ).④ Compared with high resilience group,low-resilience group of recruits had higher total score of SCL-90 and psychological stress and less positive emotion,more negative emotion and lower life satisfaction.Conclusion The recruits training have good resilience.Resilience of recruits have predictive ability to mental health,psychological stress during training.%目的 了解集训期间新兵心理弹性及心理健康状况,考察心理弹性与心理健康、军人心理应激水平相互之间的预测作用.为部队新兵的心理选拔和心理健康教育提供科学依据.方法 2011年1月新兵到达某部队开始进行集训前(前测)及集训2个月后(后测),采用Connor-Davidson回弹力问卷(CD-RISC)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、军人心理应激自评问卷(PSET)、生活满意度量表(SWLS)、积极情感消极情感量表(PANAS)对来自不同地区的650名新兵进行调查.结果 ①中国新兵心理弹性状况较好,2次测验的CD总分分别为(61.60±14.36)分和(61.41±14.55)分；②2次测试野战部队新兵心理健康(SCL-90)状况良好.③交叉滞后相关分析表明,在同步相关一致的前提下,心理弹性(前测)能显著正向预测心理健康(后测)(β=0.070,P＜0.05),心理健康(前测)对心理弹性(后测)无显著的预测意义(β=-0.015,P＞0.05).心理弹性(前测)能显著正向预测军人心理应激水平(后测)(β=0.075,P＜0.05),军人心理应激水平(前测)对心理弹性(后测)无显著的预测意义(β=-0.017,P＞0.05).④与高心理弹性组相比,低心理弹性组新兵有更高的SCL-90总分和心理应激总分,更少的正性情绪、更多的负性情绪和更低的生活满意度.结论 集训期间野战部队新兵心理弹性状况较好.新兵心理弹性对其集训期间心理健康、心理应激具有较好的预测作用.