酯化反应合成苯甲酸甲酯动力学

摘要

以浓硫酸为催化剂,甲醇和苯甲酸在间歇反应釜中进行酯化反应制备苯甲酸甲酯,通过工艺实验确定合适的催化剂用量、甲醇与苯甲酸物质的量之比以及反应温度.结果表明,在反应温度为353.15K,催化剂用量占苯甲酸总质量的15%,甲醇与苯甲酸物质的量之比为3:1的情况下,反应4h时,苯甲酸的转化率较高.测定了333.15~353.15K时的动力学数据,并通过反应数据回归,计算得到了该酯化反应的动力学方程.%In this study,methanol and benzoic acid were esterified in a batch reactor with concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst to prepare methyl benzoate.The suitable catalyst dosage,the molar ratio of alcohol to acid and the reaction temperature were determined through the process experiment.The results showed that when the reaction temperature was 353.15 K,the amount of catalyst accounted for 15% of the total mass of benzoic acid and the molar ratio of methanol to benzoic acid was 3: 1,the conversion of benzoic acid was relatively higher when the reaction time was 4 h.The kinetic data in the range of 333.15-353.15 K were measured and the kinetic equation of the esterification reaction was calculated by the regression of the reaction data which provided kinetic data support for the new reactor design,production process optimization and reaction distillation process design.