为鉴定江西省某大鲵人工养殖场大鲵发生水肿病的病原，试验从病鲵体表病灶底层的腹水、肌肉组织和内脏等处及其养殖池水样中进行细菌分离，对疑似菌进行生化试验及16SrRNA基因扩增进行鉴定，通过检测气溶素（ Aer）基因及致病性试验验证细菌毒力，药敏试验检测其敏感药物，并对该厂常用的消毒药和抗生素进行最小抑菌浓度（ MIC）的测定。结果表明：引起该场大鲵水肿病的病原菌为嗜水气单胞菌，且具有很强的致病性。该菌对青霉素、头孢唑林、头孢哌酮、链霉素、阿米卡星敏感；对复方新诺明、阿莫西林、强力霉素、红霉素、大观霉素、氯霉素耐药。目前该厂常用的2种消毒药的抑菌作用已明显下降，但硫酸庆大霉素和氧氟沙星的效果较好。%Bacteria were isolated from the ascites ,muscle,internal organs of Andrias davidianus infected with hydropsy and from its living water in a Andrias davidianus farm of Jiangxi Province .The pathogenic bacte-ria were identified by biochemical assays and 16SrRNA sequencing , and characterized by Aer gene sequen-cing,pathogenicity test,antibiotic sensitive test and MIC .The results showed that the pathogenic bacterium was identified as a kind of highly pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila,which was sensitive to penicillin ,cefazolin,cef-operazone,streptomycin and amikacin,but resistant to bactrim,amoxicillin,doxycycline,erythromycin,spectino-mycin and chlora mphenicol .MIC test showed that gentamycin sulfate and ofloxacin had much bigger inhibiting effect on Aeromonas hydrophila than the two kinds of disinfectants ,whose effect is now decreasing significantly .
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