养分运筹对早稻茎叶碳氮代谢产物的影响

摘要

以湘早籼45号为材料，采用田间小区试验，分别在湖南益阳、湘阴设置不施氮肥、农民习惯施肥、高产高效施肥、超高产施肥、超高产高效施肥A和超高产高效施肥B共6个处理，研究养分运筹对早稻茎叶碳氮代谢产物的影响。结果表明，早稻前期营养生长阶段氮代谢旺盛，后期生殖生长阶段碳代谢旺盛。高产高效施肥与农民习惯施肥相比，在节氮20％的条件下，通过增施有机肥及调节后期施氮比例，益阳、湘阴早稻成熟期可溶性糖总量分别提高29.87％，22．66％，游离氨基酸总量分别提高31．63％，13．47％，增产4．20％，4．80％。益阳点超高产高效施肥A和B早稻成熟期可溶性糖总量比农民习惯施肥分别提高50．83％，54．95％，游离氨基酸总量分别提高64．56％，52．76％，增产16．60％，18．75％；湘阴超高产高效施肥 A 和 B 早稻成熟期茎叶可溶性糖总量比农民习惯施肥分别提高31.96％，55.31％，游离氨基酸总量分别提高37．34％，49．97％，增产10．10％，6．75％。相关分析表明：不同地力环境条件下，早稻茎叶可溶性糖和游离氨基酸总量与产量呈显著或极显著正相关。养分运筹模式对早稻茎叶碳氮代谢产物的促进作用显著。%Plot experiments were set with Xiangzaoxian 45 in Yiyang and Xiangyin.There were 6 treatments which respectively were T1(Fertilization application without nitrogen ),T2( Farmers fertilization application ),T3 (Fertilization application for high yield and high efficiency ),T4(Fertilization application for super high yield ),T5 (Fertilization application for super high yield and high efficiency A )and T6(Fertilization application for super high yield and high efficiency B).The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different nutrient applica-tion on carbon and nitrogen metabolites in stem and leaf of early rice .The results showed that nitrogen metabolism of early rice was more exuberant during the vegetative growth stage and carbon metabolism was more exuberant during the reproductive growth stage.T3 respectively increased total amounts of soluble sugar and free amino acid of matu-rity stage by 29.87%,22.66%and 31.63%,13.47%,as well as yield of early rice by 4.20%,4.80%to T2 on the condition of saving 20%nitrogen fertilizer.T5 and T6 on the condition of saving 16.7%nitrogen fertilizer by T4 increased total amounts of soluble sugar and free amino acid of maturity stage by 50.83%,54.95%and 64.56%, 52.76%,as well as yield of early rice by 16.60%,18.75%to T2 in Yiyang;increased total amounts of soluble sugar and free amino acid of maturity stage by 31.96%,55.31%and 37.34%,49.97%,as well as yield of early rice 10. 10%,6.75%to T2 in Xiangyin.Moreover,there was a significant correlation or an extremely significant correlation between yield and total amounts of soluble sugar and free amino acid at different soil fertility level .Therefore,nutrient application played an important role on carbon and nitrogen metabolites in stem and leaf of early rice .