氮磷钾配比对油菜养分吸收、碳氮代谢产物和籽粒产量的影响

摘要

在田间条件下,研究了不同氮磷钾配比对‘湘杂油763’养分吸收、碳氮代谢产物和籽粒产量的影响.结果表明,游离氨基酸总量、可溶性糖含量和总量随施氮量的增加而增加,而磷钾肥对可溶性糖和游离氨基酸的影响没有表现出一致规律.随着氮肥和磷肥施用量的增加,氮磷积累量和籽粒产量都呈增加的趋势,而磷钾肥对其影响不及氮肥有规律.随着施肥量的增加,氮肥和钾肥利用率都呈减少的趋势,而磷肥利用率呈先增加后减少的趋势.在供试7种氮磷钾配比中,以处理E (N∶P2O5∶KO=1.00∶0.5∶0.5)的籽粒产量最高(2 231 kg·hm-2),其次是处理K(N∶P2O5:K2O=1.00∶0.43∶0.57),籽粒产量为2 065 kg·hm-2.产量构成因素中单株有效角果数对产量影响最大,其次每角果粒数,千粒重对产量影响较小.%A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different NPK ratios on nutrients absorption, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and grain yield of Xiangzayou 763 rapeseed. The results showed that the total a-mounts of free amino acids as well as the contents and total soluble sugar increased with increasing N levels,but there was no consistent effect for P and K levels on them. NPK accumulation and grain yields of rapeseed were increased with increasing N and P levels, but the influence of K was not obvious. Fertilizer use efficiencies of N and K decreased with increasing N and P levels. However, P fertilizer use efficiency increased first and then decreased with increasing P levels. The highest grain yield (2 231 kg-hm"2) was obtained from the treatment E (N: P2O5:K2O = 1.0:0.5:0.5), followed by the treatment K (N: P2O3:K2O= 1:0.43:0. 57, which was 2 065 kg·hm-2. Effects of yield component factors on grain yields of rapeseed decreased in the order: effective pod numbers per plant＞seeds per pod＞1000 - seeds weight.