英汉词汇理据性研究及其在英语教学中的应用

摘要

理据性研究是一种对语言学更深入的科学探索，在前人的研究成果基础上，对英语词汇的理掘性及其英汉语词汇的理据性进行比较和研究，作为从事英语教学的人来说非常必要。本论文首先澄清了理据性与任意性、理据性与内部形式之间的关系，在此基础上对理掘性的概念进行了详细阐述。之后，根据前人的研究成果，并根据词汇理据对词汇教学的贡献大小，论文把词汇理据分为五类：语音理据、形态理据、语义理据、词源理据和文字理据。文章将英语词汇和汉语词汇的理据从这五个方面进行了比较分析，并将比较的结果应用到英语词汇教学和翻译教学当中。语言理据是诠释语言符号的依据。在对词汇理据性进行研究与把英语和汉语的理据进行比较后，本文得出以下结论：词汇的理据是词汇广泛具有的性质，是词之所以形成的一种思想动因。语言在词汇层面上并非任意的，而是存在着明显的理据性。理据性应被视为词汇的本质属性。论文以大量实例论证了将英语词汇理据的研究成果应用到英语词汇教学中可以大大提高英语词汇教学效率；将英汉词汇理据进行对比研究可以发现其异同，这将使英汉翻译更加准确。英语学界和汉语学界对语言以及词汇的理据性都有很多研究，但是就基于英汉对比的英语词汇理据性研究还不够深入。所以本文写作的意义在于：通过对英语词汇理据性以及英汉词汇中语音理据、形态理据、语义理据、词源理据和文字理据的对比分析，从而发现英汉语词汇理据的异同。研究词汇的理据性可以从根本上认识和掌握词汇产生和发展的动因，可以揭示人们的造词心理，尤其是在英语教学中，把英语词汇理据应用到英语词汇教学中，更能准确和系统地解释词语，起到事半功倍的作用；把英汉词汇理据比较的结果应用于翻译当中，使译文能够更好地实现功能对等。

目录

文摘

英文文摘

声明

Chapter Ⅰ Introduction

1.1 Aim of the Study

1.2 Status Quo of the Study

1.3 Contents of the Study

Chapter Ⅱ Motivation and the Studies on Motivation

2.1 Concept of Motivation

2.2 Two Problems Relevant to Motivation

2.2.1 The Relationship Between Motivation and Inner Form

2.2.2 The Relationship between Motivation and Arbitrariness

2.3 Classification of Motivation

2.4 Classification of Motivation Based on the Study

Chapter Ⅲ Comparative Study of English and Chinese Lexical Motivation

3.1 Phonetic Motivation of English and Chinese Words

3.1.1 Pattern of English and Chinese Onomatopoeic Words

3.1.2 Phonetic Form of English and Chinese Onomatopoeic Words

3.1.3 Functions of English and Chinese Onomatopoeic Words

3.2 Morphological Motivation of English and Chinese Vocabulary

3.2.1 Motivation in Compounds

3.2.2 Motivation in Derivatives

3.2.3 Motivation in Abbreviation

3.2.4 Motivation in Conversion

3.2.5 Motivation in Back-formed words

3.2.6 Motivation in Reduplicatives

3.3 Semantic Motivation of English and Chinese Words

3.3.1 Metaphor

3.3.2 Metonymy

3.3.3 Synecdoche

3.3.4 Analogy

3.4 Etymological Motivation

3.5 Writing Motivation

Chapter Ⅳ The Application of Lexical Motivation to English Teaching

4.1 The Application of English Lexical Motivation to English Vocabulary Teaching

4.1.1 Depth of Vocabulary Knowledge

4.1.2 Teaching by Phonetic Motivation

4.1.3 Teaching by Morphological Motivation

4.1.4 Teaching by Semantic Motivation

4.1.5 Teaching by Etymological Motivation

4.1.6 Principles of Vocabulary Teaching under Lexical Motivation

4.2 The Application of Comparative Study of English and Chinese Lexical Motivation to Translation Teaching

4.2.1 Functional Equivalence

4.2.2 Phonetic Motivation and Translation

4.2.3 Morphological Motivation and Translation

4.2.4 Semantic Motivation and Translation

4.2.5 Etymological Motivation and Translation

4.2.6 Writing Motivation and Translation

Chapter Ⅴ Conclusion

Bibliography

Acknowledgements