sweet

摘要： Sugar transportation and sugar-to-starch metabolism are considered important processes in seed development and embryo viability.A few plant SWEET proteins acting as sugar transporters have been reported to function in inflorescence and/or seed development.Here,we identified seven members of the 21 Os SWEET genes in rice that play essential roles in sugar transportation and sugar-to-starch conversion in seed development.Nineteen Os SWEET genes exhibiting different expression patterns during inflorescence and seed development were knocked out individually by CRISPR/Cas9.One third of the mutants showed decreased fertile pollen viability and shriveled mature caryopses,resulting in weakened seed traits.Grain fill-related genes but not representative grain shape-regulating genes showed attenuated expression in the mutants.Seed of each of these mutants accumulated more sucrose,glucose or fructose but less starch.Among all Os SWEET genes,Os SWEET4 and Os SWEET11 had major effects on caryopsis development.The sugar-to-starch metabolic pathway was significantly altered in ossweet11 mutants based on differential expression analysis in RNA sequencing assays,confirming that Os SWEET11 functions as a sugar transporter with a key role in seed development.These results help to decipher the multiple functions of Os SWEET genes and to show how they might be used in genetic improvement of rice.

摘要： 糖的运输和分配在调节植物的生长发育和应对生物和非生物胁迫中起着关键作用。在植物-病原菌相互作用过程中,存在着对糖的竞争,这种竞争由膜运输体控制且对植物和病原互作的结果具有决定性作用。SWEET糖转运蛋白是细胞外病原菌的靶向目标,病原菌通过修改其表达水平以获得生长所需的糖分营养。本文阐述了植物中SWEET家族的分布和结构,归纳总结了SWEET在细菌、真菌和卵菌入侵寄主植物过程中所扮演的角色,最后展望了通过基因工程手段操纵SWEET基因的表达对于开发抗病栽培品种的前景。

摘要： Sugar transporters are essential for osmotic process regulation,various signaling pathways and plant growth and development.Currently,few studies are available on the function of sugar transporters in sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.).In this study,we performed a genome-wide survey of sugar transporters in sorghum.In total,98 sorghum sugar transporters(SSTs)were identified via BLASTP.These SSTs were classified into three families based on the phylogenetic and conserved domain analysis,including six sucrose transporters(SUTs),23 sugars will eventually be exported transporters(SWEETs),and 69 monosaccharide transporters(MSTs).The sorghum MSTs were further divided into seven subfamilies,including 24 STPs,23 PLTs,two VGTs,four INTs,three p Glc T/SBG1 s,five TMTs,and eight ERDs.Chromosomal localization of the SST genes showed that they were randomly distributed on 10 chromosomes,and substantial clustering was evident on the specific chromosomes.Twenty-seven SST genes from the families of SWEET,ERD,STP,and PLT were found to cluster in eight tandem repeat event regions.In total,22 SSTs comprising 11 paralogous pairs and accounting for 22.4%of all the genes were located on the duplicated blocks.The different subfamilies of SST proteins possessed the same conserved domain,but there were some differences in features of the motif and transmembrane helices(TMH).The publicly-accessible RNA-sequencing data and real-time PCR revealed that the SST genes exhibited distinctive tissue specific patterns.Functional studies showed that seven SSTs were mainly located on the cell membrane and membrane organelles,and 14 of the SSTs could transport different types of monosaccharides in yeast.These findings will help us to further elucidate their roles in the sorghum sugar transport and sugar signaling pathways.

摘要： SWEET(sugar will eventually be exported transporter)家族是一种新型的糖转运体,该家族基因在碳水化合物运输、发育、环境适应性和寄主-病原相互作用等多个过程中发挥着重要作用.为更好地了解南瓜发育的分子机理,该研究基于已知的南瓜基因组数据库,利用生物信息学方法对中国南瓜SWEET基因(CmSWEET)的系统发育树、基因结构、跨膜结构、保守基序、启动子预测、共线性预测和基因复制等进行综合分析.结果表明:共鉴定到21个CmSWEET基因,通过系统发育分析将21个CmSWEET基因分为4个亚族(I,II,III和IV),分别包含3、5、10和3个基因.此外,通过基因结构、跨膜结构域和保守基序发现CmSWEET在进化过程中是非常保守的.染色体定位结果显示,CmSWEET基因不均匀地分布在21条中国南瓜染色体中的13条染色体上,且在染色体Cm00、Cm01、Cm03、Cm05、Cm07、Cm09、Cm19和Cm20上不存在.启动子顺式作用元件分析显示,CmSWEET基因与植物激素(脱落酸、茉莉酸甲酯、水杨酸和生长素)响应有关,也可能参与各种环境胁迫的响应.从系统进化发育树和基因共线性方面揭示了CmSWEET基因与印度南瓜SWEET(CmaSWEET)之间的进化关系.该研究在全基因组水平上系统地鉴定了中国南瓜中SWEET基因家族,为进一步了解中国南瓜和其他葫芦科作物SWEET基因提供了基础,也为进一步的功能分析提供了重要的候选基因.

摘要： When the pandemic hit[last]spring,9-year-old Zoe Bernard of California started baking sweet treats with family members,But what started out as a fun way to pass the time during quarantine has become a one-girl mission to raise $10,000 for Parkinson''s disease research.

摘要： 一辆电动车,带他走遍中国,穿越夏天、秋天和冬天,从田野到雪山,从平原到高原……When your destiny is the road less traveled then excitement and adventure is your destination.Zhou Xiaobing,35,was back in Shanghai in late May after a bittersweet 261-day journey on an electric motorcycle.

摘要： One morning,Mom asked four-year-old Judy what she wanted for breakfast."Soup,"she said."Sweetie,we don’t eat soup for breakfast.We eat soup for lunch.So what would you like for breakfast?""Lunch,"she replied.

摘要： Mom:Do you want to eat something,sweetheart?Danny:Maybe,what are the options(选择)?Mom:Yes or no!

摘要： Modern African Cookbook Booksumo PressThe Modern African Cookbook is a complete set of simple but very unique African recipes.You will find that even though the recipes are simple,the tastes are quite amazing.So will you join us in an adventure of simple cooking?Here is a preview of the book you will learn:Paprika Grilled Chops,Sweet and Salty Steak Sauté,Chickpea Chicken Tagine,Nigerian Coconut Cake Pops,Benin City Fruit Salad…

摘要： SWEET是近年来新发现的一类糖转运蛋白,在植物中参与光合产物的运输和分配,从而调控植物响应逆境胁迫、抵抗病原菌侵染以及种子形成和发育等生理过程.本研究综述了作物中SWEET基因家族功能的最新进展,初步归纳了水稻、玉米、大豆和高粱等作物的SWEET蛋白在糖分转运和分配过程中的功能,有助于解析SWEET蛋白家族提高作物产量的机理.

摘要： 本发明属于植物基因工程领域，具体涉及油菜SWEET15糖转运蛋白基因在提高油菜产量中的应用。所述的油菜BnaA2.SWEET15基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示，其编码蛋白为SEQ ID NO:2所示。通过将该基因在拟南芥中进行过量表达，发现所有转基因株系的粒长和粒重显著增加，而部分转基因株系粒宽和种子产量也显著增加，因此本发明在油菜等作物高产育种中有很好的应用前景。

摘要： 本发明涉及一种苜蓿SWEET1b基因及其在促进苜蓿根系菌根率中的应用，SWEET1b基因的核苷酸序列如序列表SEQ ID NO:1所示,所述SWEET1b基因的编码区核苷酸序列如序列表SEQ ID NO:2所示,所述SWEET1b基因编码的蛋白质序列如序列表SEQ ID NO:3所示,以及上述苜蓿SWEET1b基因在促进苜蓿根系菌根率中的应用。本发明公开了苜蓿SWEET1b基因及其在促进苜蓿根系菌根率中的应用。本发明将SWEET1b基因在苜蓿中进行超量表达，根据转基因植株与野生型转空载体的株系进行差异比较，确定了SWEET1b基因对苜蓿根系菌根率具有提高作用。

摘要： 本发明属于植物基因工程领域，具体涉及油菜SWEET15糖转运蛋白基因在提高油菜产量中的应用。所述的油菜BnaA2.SWEET15基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示，其编码蛋白为SEQ ID NO:2所示。通过将该基因在拟南芥中进行过量表达，发现所有转基因株系的粒长和粒重显著增加，而部分转基因株系粒宽和种子产量也显著增加，因此本发明在油菜等作物高产育种中有很好的应用前景。

摘要： 本发明涉及一种苜蓿SWEET1b基因及其在促进苜蓿根系菌根率中的应用，SWEET1b基因的核苷酸序列如序列表SEQ ID NO:1所示,所述SWEET1b基因的编码区核苷酸序列如序列表SEQ ID NO:2所示,所述SWEET1b基因编码的蛋白质序列如序列表SEQ ID NO:3所示,以及上述苜蓿SWEET1b基因在促进苜蓿根系菌根率中的应用。本发明公开了苜蓿SWEET1b基因及其在促进苜蓿根系菌根率中的应用。本发明将SWEET1b基因在苜蓿中进行超量表达，根据转基因植株与野生型转空载体的株系进行差异比较，确定了SWEET1b基因对苜蓿根系菌根率具有提高作用。