EFFECT ACTIVATION OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL TO STRUCTUREudAND ACTIVATED CARBON QUALITY FROM CHARCOAL OBTAINED BYudPYROLYSIS OF COCONUT SHELL

摘要

Activation of coconut shell charcoal has been done by a combination of chemicaludand physical activation to determine the effect of chemical activators and activationudtemperature to changes in the chemical structure and the quality of activated carbon .udThe study was conducted on charcoal coconut shell of pyrolysis results with variation ofudconcentration and immersion time ZnCl2 as an activator , respectively 0.5 to 2 M for 12udto 24 hours . Then proceed with the activation of physics in reactor the activation of theudtemperature variation of 500 to 800 oC with CO2 gas flow rate 20 mL / min . Evaluationudof the chemical structure and the quality of activated carbon performed FTIR , SEM ,udspecific surface area , total pore volume , and average pore with Brunauer - Emmett -udTeller ( BET ) . The results showed the results of the analysis of SPSS throughudCofficients test the concentration variables most affect to moisture content , ash content ,udand iodine absorption from temperature variable and time of activation . The best qualityudactivated carbon produced at a concentration of ZnCl2 of 1.5 M, 24 hours soaking time ofud24 hours , temperature 800 oC and the activation time of 120 minutes . The results asudmoisture content of 8.47 % , volatile matter content of 18.55 % , ash content 1.44 % ,udbonded carbon content of 80.01 % and iodine absorption of 769.74 mg / g . The resultsudof FTIR analysis showed the surface of activated carbon containing CO and CH bonds ,udand SEM analysis showed the number and diameter of pores increased with the higherudcalcination temperature . Surface area ( BET ) of 359.286 m2 / g , pore volume of 1.984 xud10-1 cm3 / g and pore mean of 11.46 Ǻ .