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Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity study on uncoated magnetic nanoparticles : effects on cell viability, cell morphology, and cellular uptake

机译:未涂覆的磁性纳米粒子的体外细胞毒性比较研究:对细胞活力,细胞形态和细胞吸收的影响

摘要

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) must be biocompatible, and a thorough knowledge on their potential cytotoxicity is crucial for their biomedical applications. However, the detailed study about the effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on cell viability, cell morphology, and cellular uptake of different mammalian cells is still insufficient. In this paper, comparative cytotoxicity study of uncoated magnetite nanoparticles at different concentrations was performed on human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) and immortalized normal human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (RPE). The size, structure, and magnetic behavior of the MIONPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) respectively. After 24-hour incubation with the MIONPs, the cell viability was determined by live/dead assay, the cell morphology at high magnification was observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the cellular uptake of MIONPs was measured under TEM and verified by energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Our results indicate that the uncoated MIONPs at a high concentration (0.40 mg/ml) were toxic to both HeLa and RPE cells. However, the cytotoxicity of uncoated MIONPs at low concentrations was cell-type specific, and RPE cells were more susceptible to these MIONPs than HeLa cells. The effects of the MIONPs on cell morphology and the nanoparticles uptake also showed different features between these two cell lines. Hence cell type should be taken into consideration in the in vitro cytotoxicity study of uncoated MIONPs. Additionally, it should be noticed that the cell morphological changes and the uptake of nanoparticles can take place even though no toxic effect of these MIONPs at low concentrations was reflected in the traditional cell viability assay.
机译:磁性氧化铁纳米粒子(MIONP)必须具有生物相容性,并且对其潜在的细胞毒性的透彻了解对于其生物医学应用至关重要。然而,关于氧化铁纳米颗粒对不同哺乳动物细胞的细胞活力,细胞形态和细胞摄取的影响的详细研究仍不足。在本文中,对人宫颈癌细胞系(HeLa)和永生化的正常人视网膜色素上皮细胞系(RPE)进行了不同浓度的未包覆磁铁矿纳米粒子的比较细胞毒性研究。分别使用透射电子显微镜(TEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)和振动样品磁力仪(VSM)对MIONP的尺寸,结构和磁行为进行了表征。与MIONPs孵育24小时后,通过活/死分析确定细胞活力,在扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下观察高倍率下的细胞形态,并在TEM下测量MIONPs的细胞摄取并通过能量分散法验证X射线光谱(EDX)分析。我们的结果表明,高浓度(0.40 mg / ml)的未包被的MIONP对HeLa和RPE细胞均具有毒性。但是,未包被的MIONP在低浓度时的细胞毒性是细胞类型特异性的,并且RPE细胞比HeLa细胞更容易受到这些MIONP的影响。 MIONP对细胞形态和纳米颗粒摄取的影响也显示出这两种细胞系之间的不同特征。因此,在未包被的MIONPs的体外细胞毒性研究中应考虑细胞类型。另外,应该注意的是,即使在传统的细胞活力测定中未反映出这些低浓度的MIONP的毒性作用,也可能发生细胞形态变化和纳米颗粒吸收。

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